Labo abanquma ukwakha indlu babhekana nomsebenzi onzima.Kunzima ukusebenza njengosonkontileka ojwayelekile wabanye abantu, kodwa uma unquma ukuzakhela eyakho indlu, njengoba kwenza abazali bami ekuqaleni kwawo-1970, kuba nzima nakakhulu.Izinqumo eziyisigidi zizokwenziwa endaweni engenalo ulwazi futhi eshintsha ngokushesha, futhi isinyathelo esingalungile singakufaka obishini unomphela.Uma kuhlangene nesabelomali abantu bami okufanele basebenze kanzima kuso, kuyisimangaliso ukuthi bangaphumelela njengakuqala.
Nokho, lokhu kuseseduze ezindaweni eziningana.Ngisakhumbula ukuthi ubaba wayekhathazwa izintambo zendlu.Intambo ye-Aluminium ishibhe kakhulu, kuyilapho intengo yocingo lwethusi inyukile muva nje.Waququda amazinyo futhi wacela osebenza ngogesi ukuba afake ithusi, okwaba ukukhetha okuhlakaniphile ekugcineni, ngoba izindlu ezazingenelwe yizintambo ezishibhile zazizosha ngokushesha kulo lonke elase-United States.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960 nasekuqaleni kwawo-1970, okwenzeka ezimbonini zikagesi ezihlala ezindaweni zokuhlala nezokuhwebelana kwakubiza futhi kwezinye izimo kwakuyisifundo esibuhlungu kumaphrojekthi angaphumelelanga.Ake sibone ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka kanjani.
Ukuze uqonde i-fiasco ye-aluminium wiring, umuntu akumelwe akhumbule izindaba zesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nobunjiniyela bukagesi kuphela, kodwa futhi namandla emakethe eyenza izintambo ze-aluminium ezakhiweni zokuhlala zikhange kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.Ekuqaleni kwawo-1960, ukukhiqizwa kwethusi emhlabeni wonke kwase kuphezulu, kodwa imingcele yokukhiqiza ngokuzithandela yokunciphisa ukutholakala ngokweqile kwenyuka amanani.Cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukudlondlobala kweMpi YaseVietnam nokuchuma kwemboni yezokwakha izindlu kwandisa isidingo sethusi, kuyilapho ukwenziwa kwemboni yethusi kuzwelonke ngabakhiqizi baphesheya kwezilwandle kanye neziteleka zabavukuzi bavimbe ukunikezwa.Icindezelwe kuzo zombili iziphetho zesibalo sokuhlinzeka nesidingo, intengo yethusi icishe yaphindeka kathathu phakathi kuka-1962 no-1964.
Intambo yethusi sekuyisikhathi eside iyindinganiso yezintambo zesifunda segatsha lezindawo zokuhlala nezohwebo, futhi ibanga lezintambo ukusuka esikhungweni somthwalo kuya ezibani nasezisekelweni ezizungeze isakhiwo selide.Abasebenza ngogesi balazi kahle ithusi futhi babhale imithetho kagesi ehambisana nezici zayo zokusebenza, futhi abakhiqizi bemishini baklame amaswishi, amasokhethi nezixhumi eziqondiswe ngqo izintambo zethusi.Nokho, ngenxa yezimpande ezijulile zethusi, ukunyuka kwentengo kwaqala ukushintsha izintambo zethusi zibe i-antimony, futhi osonkontileka bamandla baqala ukuzwa umugqa ophansi uqina.Ezinye kufanele zikhokhelwe.
Faka i-aluminium.I-Aluminium iyikhondukta enhle kakhulu yezinsimbi eziyigugu ezinganaki ugesi, amarenki e-aluminium ngemva kwekhopha eshadini le-conductivity.I-Aluminium ibilokhu isetshenziselwa izintambo zikagesi isikhathi eside, kodwa isetshenziswa kakhulu izinkampani ezisizayo ekufakeni izintambo ezingaphezulu ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa amandla.Isisindo esincane se-aluminium nezindleko eziphansi kuyizinzuzo ezinkulu.I-Aluminium iphinde yasetshenziswa ezakhiweni zokuhlala, ikakhulukazi ukuchelela nge-service drip irrigation kusuka ezigxotsheni zezinsiza kuya kumamitha kagesi ukuze kulayishwe izikhungo.Kodwa-ke, ngenkathi i-aluminium ivamile kuma-dryer wezingubo kanye nezintambo zesifunda ze-amperage eziphezulu, ayisetshenziswa kumasekhethi amagatsha alula akha inqwaba yezintambo zendlu.Konke kuzoshintsha.
Ekuphenduleni inkinga yethusi, abakhiqizi bezintambo baqala ukukhiqiza izintambo ze-aluminium ze-15 A kanye ne-20 A yezifunda zamagatsha.Lo mjikelezo uvamise ukuxhunywa ngezintambo ezingu-14 AWG nezingu-12 AWG, ngokulandelana.Kodwa-ke, njengoba kuhle njenge-aluminium, ukuqhutshwa kwayo kusengu-60% wethusi kuphela.Ngakho-ke, intambo ye-aluminium yesekethe yegatsha idinga ukuthuthukela kusayizi olandelayo we-AWG.Isekethe engu-15 A ingu-12 AWG, kanti isekethe engu-20 A ingu-10 AWG.Abakhiqizi kufanele basebenzise insimbi eyengeziwe, kodwa i-aluminium ishibhile kangangokuthi yenza umqondo wezomnotho.Ngenxa yalokho, izintambo ze-aluminium zaqala ukungena esifundeni segatsha okuhlala kuzo, zafinyelela ezindlini eziyizigidi ezimbili phakathi kuka-1965 no-1972.
Lesi sinqumo ngeke siphumelele ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili.Eyokuqala ingxubevange ye-aluminium ekhethwe umenzi wocingo.Intambo yokusetshenziswa isebenzisa ingxubevange ebizwa ngokuthi i-AA-1350.Nakuba i-AA-1350 ifaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa amandla angaphezulu nangaphansi komhlaba, iyi-aluminium ehlanzekile ebalulekile enezinsimbi ezithile zokulandelela, futhi izici zayo ezibonakalayo zihluke kakhulu kunethusi.Ngenxa yokwanda kwe-thermal coefficient ephezulu, i-aluminium ye-AA-1350 ibonisa ukunyakaza okuphawulekayo, ukonakala lapho intambo yensimbi ikhula futhi inkontileka ngenxa yokushisisa.
Ukunyonyoba koxhumano lukagesi kungaba nzima.Njengoba kugeleza okuningi kwamanje, noma iyiphi i-conductor iyashisa, kodwa ngenxa ye-coefficient yayo ephezulu yokwandisa, i-aluminium inwebeka ngaphezu kwethusi.Izintambo ezinwebekayo nezinciphayo empeleni zingase zixegise amatheminali, okuxegisa izintambo futhi kubangele ukunqwabelana, okungaholela ekushiseni okwengeziwe nokukhasa okwengeziwe, kuze kube yilapho ekugcineni kwakhiwa umthombo womlilo ezindongeni zendlu.
Ukufakwa okungafanele nakho kungakhuphula ukukhasa, okuvame ukwenzeka njengoba abasebenza ngogesi beshintsha besuka ethusi baye ku-aluminium.I-Aluminium ithambile kakhulu kunethusi, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuthola itorque efanelekile yesikulufu.I-Aluminiyamu iphinde ikhiphe i-oxidize ngokushesha lapho ivezwe emoyeni, yenze ungqimba oluncane lwe-insulating olungakhuphula ukumelana noxhumano.Intambo ye-aluminium kufanele iphathwe ngesilondolozi ngaphambi kokunqanyulwa, kodwa kuyaqabukela.Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bamasokhethi namaswishi baye bephuza ukulungisa imikhiqizo yabo ukuze ihlangabezane nesidingo se-aluminium, okuholela ekuxhumekeni okungathembeki okuvame ukukhahlazeka.
Ekugcineni, i-chemistry eyisisekelo ibonakala inganakwa.Khumbula ukuthi inqobo nje uma izinsimbi ezingafani zithintana, umphumela wamanje kagesi uzokwenzeka.Okudingekayo ukuze kubangele ukugqwala inani elincane le-electrolyte, njengokujiya umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni oshisayo futhi ungene ezindongeni zangaphandle ezibandayo kanye nezintambo.Izixhumanisi ezigqwalile ziwukuxhumana okumelana kakhulu nemiphumela ebikezelwayo.
Njengoba indlu yocingo lwe-aluminium iqala ukusha, izicishamlilo nezilungisi zomshwalense azikwazanga ukuzibamba kodwa zaqaphela inkinga, futhi izinsuku zokusebenzisa izintambo zendlu ye-AA-1350 zaphela.Ngo-1972, imboni kagesi yayisiguqule ngokuqondile izintambo ze-aluminium kusukela kumininingwane kagesi ebuyekeziwe, eyayisho amafomula amasha obukhulu bezintambo ze-aluminium, yabe isiphendukela kubakhiqizi bemishini, abashintsha imikhiqizo yabo ukuze ihambisane nezintambo ze-aluminium.Abakhiqizi bezintambo baphinde bashintsha imikhiqizo yabo, baklama ama-alloys amasha ochungechungeni lwe-AA-8000, bexuba insimbi ibe yingxube ukuze banciphise izitayela ezinyakazayo.
Kodwa-ke, akukho kulokhu okungakwazi ukonga i-aluminium kumjikelezo wegatsha.Maphakathi nawo-1970, iningi lezifunda zegatsha esakhiweni esisha lalingasasebenzisi i-aluminium, kodwa lalingakaze libe khona ngaphambi komonakalo.Isisekelo sokufakwa kwezintambo ze-aluminium sikhulu, futhi izindlu zangaleso sikhathi zazingaphansi kokuhlolwa okuqinile ngabahloli bezindlu lapho beshintsha abanikazi.I-fiasco yezintambo ze-aluminium yenze imikhiqizo eyahlukene ukunciphisa ubungozi, kusukela kwizixhumi ezibiza kakhulu ukuya kuma-crimp akhethekile izintambo ezishisela i-aluminium ezibandayo ziye emisileni yengulube yethusi.Futhi kuyinketho yokususa ngokuphelele i-wiring yegatsha le-aluminium bese uyishintsha ngethusi, nakuba lokhu kubiza futhi kubhubhisa.
Lapho amandla emakethe engqubuzana nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zobunjiniyela, imizamo yemboni ye-aluminium ibonakale iyisifundo esibizayo.
Inkinga lapha akukhona ukuthi izintambo zishibhile.Ukuthi nje abantu abazi ukuthi isetshenziswa kanjani ngokuphepha.Ngokusobala, lokhu akukhona ukwehla kwezinye izindlela zokufaka izintambo zethusi.
Kukhona enye inkinga ngocingo lwe-AL.Ukushisa nomswakama kwabangela ukuba yonakaliswe.Ngilahlekelwe intambo enkulu yaphansi futhi yehla yaba yizintambo ezi-2, kanti enye yaba uthuli.Lokhu kuzobangela ukuthi izintambo ezishisayo ziwele, kubangele ukuthi i-voltage igxumele ku-200V, okubonisa ukuthi isibani sami esiholayo siyafiphala/siyakhanya.
Ngibeke iphaneli encane engu-100A ekhaya, futhi uchwepheshe kagesi engabonisana naye wangitshela ukuthi ngisebenzise i-Al ngoba ibiza cishe u-1/10.Ngamanye amazwi, uma ifakwe kahle, ayikho ingozi.Kunoma yikuphi, izintambo ezingena endlini zivela emgwaqweni zonke ziyi-95% Al, futhi ayizange ibambe umlilo!Iqhinga liyi-torque efanele, izixhumi ezilinganiselwe futhi azikho umoya-mpilo.
Ngemva kweminyaka engu-6, ngizohlola uxhumano lwami njalo ngonyaka, futhi ngihlole i-ESA ngaphandle kwezinkinga.Uma kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, ayikho ingozi.Inkinga esikhathini esidlule bekungamaswishi ethusi ahlanzekile axhunywe ezintanjeni ze-aluminium, njll.
Yebo, uma ukusebenza kulungile, intambo ye-aluminium iphephile.Ingxenye yenkinga ngesifunda segatsha le-Al ukuthi abanikazi bezindlu bavame ukushintsha ukushintshwa namasokhethi ngaphandle kokwazi ubuchwepheshe obufanele, noma baxhume izinto zokukhanyisa kuzintambo zezintambo.
Njengomninikhaya, ngingakufakazela lokho.Indlu yami inezinsimbi zokungena ebhokisini lensimbi.Kukhona okumnyama nokumhlophe okufakwe ngaphakathi kwe-MC, namakhondaktha e-aluminium avelele.Uma inqanyulwe ngendlela efanele, lokhu akuyona inkinga.I-MC empeleni iyisisekelo.Ngaphambi kokufaka i-aluminium kusisekeli, i-aluminium kufanele inqunywe noma igotshwe emuva ngaphandle kwe-MC.Kodwa-ke, emabhokisini ambalwa, abanikazi bezindlu bangaphambilini baxhume i-aluminium kusikulufu somhlaba esokhethi, ngisho namantongomane ocingo lwethusi ebhokisini anezisekelo eziningi.Lokhu kuziphatha akungikhathazi (ngizixazulule zonke izinkinga manje), kodwa kufakazela umbono wokuthi ngizokwenza noma yini lapho ngibhekene nabantu engingabazi.
Ngikwenze lokhu ngokugcizelela komhloli.Lokhu akulona iqiniso, kodwa ngokuvamile akuyona inkinga, ngoba uma isebenza ngokukhululeka, ngokuvamile ayinyakazi ngokwanele ukuthinta noma yiziphi izinto ezihambayo.Ngincamela ukusebenzisa insimbi ngendiza yaphansi (intambo yaphansi evalekile eluhlaza e-US).Izikhali zisadinga ukunamathiselwa, kodwa ngezikhali ze-aluminium, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ezikhethekile zethusi ngokuvamile kungenza umhlabathi uthembeke kakhudlwana (yebo, lesi sitatimende singathethelelwa: ama-resistors ethusi ngokuvamile agcinwa enanini elifakiwe, kuyilapho i-aluminium eyinsimbi yensimbi ihlotshisiwe. izesekeli, Ukuhlelwa kwe-Al kanye nezinsiza emabhokisini e-aluminium kuvame ukukhuphuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngisho nangaphandle kwamanzi angama-liquid Isambatho sisadinga ukumiswa emikhawulweni yomibili ekhona ngaphambi kokufaka umshini omusha Yenza ukuhlolwa komhlabathi ukwehluleka kweqa umkhawulo?)
Ayinyakazi futhi ithinte okuthile.Isizokhululeka kusixhumi, i-oxidize futhi ibe uxhumano oluphezulu lokumelana, olushisa futhi lugcine luncibilikisa umgogodla we-aluminium.I-aluminium ene-oxidized iyi-aluminium oxide enezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuncibilika uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa i-aluminium e-oxidized ngaphakathi inephuzu elincibilikayo eliphansi kakhulu.Lokhu kuzobangela uxhumo lwakho ukuthi lugoqe kusukela ngaphakathi futhi kubangele uxhumo ukuthi luxege.
Ngoxhumo lomhlabathi, alinawo okwamanje isikhathi eside (ngethemba), ngakho-ke ukushisa akuseyona inkinga.Ukuze ugcine isixhumi esiphansi sixhumekile, ukumelana nesisekelo kudinga kuphela ukuba ngaphansi kunokwakho futhi kunikeze uxhumano oluhle ngokwanele ukuze kugeleze okwamanje okwanele ukukhuba isinqamuli sesifunda somthwalo.
I-metal cladding ayiyona inhlabathi.i-aluminium.Intambo yaphansi iyintambo yaphansi futhi igobela emuva njengoba uchaza ukugawula izikhali ze-MC.Ishubhu le-aluminium elivunguzayo lizofakwa i-oxidized njengenye i-aluminium, futhi ezimeni ezimbi kakhulu ingase ibangele amandla aphansi ageleze kubo bonke ubude bokuzungeza.Lokhu kungase kube ngokwanele ukuvimbela i-circuit breaker ukuthi ingakhubeki, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo isebenza njengento yokushisa, kungenzeka ukuthi ingcwatshwe kungqimba oluvikelayo lwempilo engapheli kanye nokuvutha.i-aluminium.Kunocingo oluphansi olunikeza indlela ephansi yokumelana nephansi ukuze kuvinjelwe lokhu kungenzeki.
Uma uxhumo lwakho lomhlabathi lunezinkinga zokwandisa okushisayo, kukhona okungalungile-ngaphandle uma kunephutha, umhlabathi awusoze wakubona okwamanje.Angizazi izidingo ze-NEC ze-Al grounding.Izizathu, kodwa ngizolahlekelwa, ngiqagela ukuthi zidinga ukufakwa ohlwini ngokuqondile ku-Al.Umshini we-UL.
Kwesinye isikhathi, okokusebenza kwezintambo zikagesi kungase kudingeke kwenze uhlu lokuhlolwa kwe-UL ephepheni elimhlophe elihlangabezana nezidingo zezintambo ze-NEC.Amasokhethi amaningi esimanje namatheminali amaswishi aqinisekiswe yi-UL futhi angasetshenziswa kuphela ekuxhumekeni kwezintambo zethusi.Intambo ye-aluminium kufanele ibe intambo yethusi esontekile ukuze ixhume kunoma yiziphi izindawo zokuthengisa noma zebanga lokuhlala kanye ne-switchgear.Ngaphandle kwalapho i-ejensi yokugunyaza ye-AHJ yamukela ukucushwa okukhethekile, umkhiqizi uthi ngokuvamile ihlangabezana nezimfuneko ezisohlwini lwe-UL.R. Benton Jacks
Inkinga eyodwa ukuthi amaswishi amaningi namasokhethi akhelwe izintambo zegeji eziyi-14 noma eziyi-12, futhi ukufaka izintambo ezinkulu ze-Al kuzo kungase kubangele ukuxhumeka okubi noma kulimaze izintambo.
Osebenza ngogesi wakho ulungile.Kuyinto evamile ukusebenzisa i-aluminium njengesiphakeli, ngoba i-aluminium ngokuvamile ayikhathazwa abadlali basekhaya.Uma zilungiswe kahle kusetshenziswa ama-deoxygenating compounds futhi ziqiniswe emibhalweni efanele, ayikho inkinga.Lapho abantu beshintsha amasokhethi namaswishi, bayinakekela ngokungafanele i-aluminium.Lesi isiqalo senkinga.Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto eziningi ezilungiswayo zihlanganisa izintambo zethusi ezifaka i-nati kumjikelezo wegatsha.Uma uxhuma ithusi ne-aluminium, izokhipha i-oxidize futhi ikhiqize ukushisa.Kwabaphakeli, kunzima ukuthenga ithusi ngamasayizi amakhulu, futhi uma kungenzeka, ithusi lizobiza ngokushesha.Izinkampani zamandla zisebenzisa iziphakeli ze-aluminium njengokucatshangelwa kokulawulwa kwezindleko, futhi ekuxhumekeni kwangaphandle nangaphansi komhlaba, izindlela zokuxhuma zihlukile futhi isizukulwane sokushisa sincane.
Iyisebenzisela inqwaba yama-circuits egatsha angu-15-20 amp, ixube nezintambo zethusi ezikhona, nokunye, okungadala izinkinga zangempela.
Lokhu.I-Aluminium iwumsebenzi olinganiselwe wokucaciswa ojwayelekile wamakhulu noma izinkulungwane zama-ampere ezinhlelweni eziningi zesimanje ngaphansi kwe-United States nokunye ukucaciswa.Akuwona nje amasekethe amaningi amagatsha amancane.Olayini bakagesi abangaphezulu kwezigaba ezintathu ozibona emgwaqeni noma njengengxenye kalayini omkhulu kagesi?i-aluminium.Ilula futhi ishibhile.Ikakhulukazi kuma-voltage aphezulu.
“Kuvele ukuthi lapho amandla emakethe engqubuzana nezindlela ezihamba phambili zobunjiniyela, imizamo yemboni ye-aluminium iyisifundo eqolo.”
Okuningi okufana nalokhu: uma izinguquko zedizayini zenziwa ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwanele kwangaphambili.Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kuwumkhuba ongcono kakhulu wobunjiniyela ngokwakho, kodwa uma ukusunduza kwezintambo ze-aluminium kusingathwa ukuphathwa kwenqubo yobunjiniyela ngokucophelela, kuzosebenza kahle (bona isiphetho se-AA-8000) futhi kuzoba ngcono kune-Copper Wiring ishibhile. .Ngakho-ke, uma “umkhuba ongcono kakhulu” obizayo futhi onokwenzeka, khona-ke ishibhile futhi kungenzeka kube “iphrojekthi engcono kakhulu”.
Zonke izici zobunjiniyela (ezikagesi, ezomshini, ezondiza, isofthiwe, njll.) zilandela imithetho efanayo eyisisekelo futhi ngokuvamile azinakwa.Lapho ushintsha izingxenye zesistimu, udinga ukuphinda uqinisekise uhlelo, hhayi izingxenye kuphela.
@p Ngamanye amazwi, izinguquko zesistimu (ezikagesi, ezomshini, ezondiza, isofthiwe, njll.) zihlakaniphe kunonjiniyela owayiklama.(akudingekile)
Hhayi ukuthi uhlakaniphile, kodwa kufanele aqonde ngokugcwele yonke imingcele yokuklama yasekuqaleni, kuhlanganise nenhlanhla.Lokho akuvamile ukwenzeka.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lesi sihloko esimayelana nokusetshenziswa kabi kwe-aluminium sisekhasini elifanayo nesihloko esiqala ngesicaphuna sika-Ayn Rand ngaphandle kokuhlolwa okwanele kwangaphambili.Ngizithole sengibhala kabusha ingxenye yokuqala yengxoxo phakathi kukaJames noDagne Taggart, ngabeka phansi i-Atlas Shrugged.Lokhu kwanikeza uJames isizathu esinengqondo.Wayemelene nomyalo kaDagne wokusungula amakhilomitha angu-1 000 kaloliwe.Noma iyiphi ingxubevange ye-aluminium ihlolwe ngaphandle kwelebhu, futhi akukho ukuhlolwa okuhlukile kumamayela ambalwa onyakeni odlule noma ngaphezulu.
“Noma yisiphi isiphukuphuku singakha ibhuloho eliqine ngokwanele ukulidlula.Onjiniyela badinga ukwakha ibhuloho “nje” eliqine ngokwanele ukuba liwele.
Buka.Kodwa sicela uqhathanise i-VCR yangaphambili ne-VCR yakamuva.Ngokuvamile, izinto ezisetshenziswayo zincane futhi zihlukile.Isibonelo, amapulasitiki ensimbi asetshenziswa.Idizayini "yanele" ukuyisebenzisa, uma ingapheli.
Kukhona intambo ye-aluminium endlini yami ngoba yakhiwe ngeminyaka yama-50s.Ngakho-ke, intengo yokuthenga yendlu yami yehliswa enanini elicelwa umhloli.Ngichithe amahora ngengeza i-aluminium noma izixhumi ezisontekile ezifanelekile ukuze ngiqinisekise ukuthi indlu yami ngeke ishe.Lena inkinga engokoqobo esekhona nanamuhla, ikakhulukazi ngoba kunezinkulungwane zezindlu ezindala lapho.Izixhumi ziyabiza, kodwa izindleko zomshuwalense nazo ziyabiza.Kufanele udalule lolu hlobo lwento ngoba iyingozi yomlilo.
Lesi sihloko siyichaza kahle le nkinga.Uma iqhathaniswa nethusi, i-aluminium ine-coefficient enkulu yokunwetshwa.Njengoba ubudala bezinto zokusebenza, izikulufu namatheminali azoxega, futhi ingozi yokusebenzisa i-Al izoba phezulu.Nginezindaba eziningi mayelana namakheshi angasebenzi ngenxa yamatheminali axegayo.Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ingabe ukonga izindleko zesikhashana kuwufanele ubungozi?Ngicabanga ukuthi kuya ngokuthi uhlola kangaki izinto zokusebenza nokuthi uzimisele yini ukwehlisa inani lendlu.
Ngisakhumbula ngifunda ukuthi i-aluminium ayikwazi ukugoba njengethusi.Lokhu kuyinkinga ukuthi isokhethi izonyakaza kancane lapho ixhuma noma ikhipha.
^Lokhu.Njengomshini wokukhuhla, ngiphawule ukuthi izintambo ze-aluminium ziya ngokuya zisetshenziswa ezintweni zasendlini ezishibhile, njengamahhavini ama-microwave.Ngokombono, izintambo zangaphakathi ngeke zigobe kakhulu, kodwa angizithengi.
Uqinisekile ukuthi alikho ithusi eliboshiwe eliboshiwe?Ngiyazi ukuthi ezinye iziguquli ze-oven microwave zisebenzisa i-AL magnet wire ukuze zithole umoya wokuqala, kodwa akuyona into enkulu.Ikhoyili yayo imbozwe ngevarnish bese ishiselwa ezindaweni ezimbili.Akukho okuningi okungahambi kahle.
Yebo, ngiqinisekile.I-Copper ifana ne-scraper gold, ngakho-ke kufanele siyihlole.Yebo, ama-microwave amaningi nawo anezintambo ze-aluminium kuma-transformer.Kuke kwamosha ubumnandi bokubalaxaza...
Uzobona i-aluminium eningi kuma-transformer ashibhile namamotho.Inkinga ukuthi bayayivanisha njengocingo lwethusi, kunzima ngempela ukusho ukuthi i-varnish ayiklwebheki yini.
Uma nje uqonda izici ze-aluminium, akukho lutho olungalungile ngokusebenzisa intambo ye-aluminium kunoma yiziphi izinto ezihlanganisa nezinto zasendlini.Izintambo ze-aluminium zingasetshenziselwa ngisho nezintambo zendlu futhi manje seziqondwa ngabantu.Isokhethi yokugcina engiyibhekisise kahle yayimakwe nge-AL/CU (izilinganiso ze-aluminium nezethusi), ezingitshele ukuthi babone ukuthi bangalenza kanjani iphuzu lokwehluleka (isikulufa esigcina isikulufa) siphephe.
Yehlisa izindleko zokuhlola, ngeke yini ikulondolozele intela yendawo njalo ngonyaka?Uma ukwazi ukonga izindleko zokufaka futhi uzikholise, ungenza kahle ngokwanele ukuze uqinisekise ukuphepha, okubonakala kuwukuwina-wina kimi.
Hhayi ezindaweni eziningi ze-United States.Ukuhlolwa kwentela kusekelwe kwifomula (indawo yomhlaba, isakhiwo nobukhulu, izici zesakhiwo ezingahlalwa (njengenombolo nobukhulu bamagumbi okulala, inombolo nobukhulu bezindlu zangasese, amanye amagumbi, amafasitela nemisebenzi) (ama-skylight anezela cishe ekuhloleni kwami ​​intela $1000)) Isitezi esingaphansi esiqediwe, izinto ezilungiswayo, ezifana namasinki ewasha, njll.), okungcono kakhulu, zihlobene nenani lemakethe ngokwezinga elithile.Ukuhlolwa kwami ​​kwentela kungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwenani lami lemakethe.Ukuhlola kulungiswa ngokusekelwe enanini lendlu (ebhaliswe yibhlokhi endaweni yangakithi), kuye ngendawo yendawo.Uma ukude kakhulu nemakethe, ngokombono, ungafaka isikhalazo.Endaweni yangakithi, ngaphandle uma ifomula iyiphutha noma isilinganiso sitholakala njengephutha, akuvamile ukuthi izikhalazo zisebenze.
Ngokuvamile, uhlobo lwezintambo, upende ezinyaweni, futhi ngaleyo ndaba, umuhlwa nezimbobo phansi akuthinti ukuhlolwa kwentela.
Izinga lomshwalense lihlobene eduze nenani lemakethe/lokushintsha kanye nokuhlola ubungozi, okuhlanganisa nebanga ukusuka kupulaki lomlilo, uhlobo locingo, ubudala nesimo sokusetshenziswa kukagesi, ubudala nesimo sokusetshenziswa kwegesi, ukucatshangelwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokulimala komhlwa. , upende Ama-Flakes nezimbobo phansi (zonke lezi zimbobo zinenani eliphansi, kodwa zandisa ingozi, ngakho-ke udinga ukukhokha ngaphezulu ukuze unciphise ukuvikelwa).
Nginendlu endala futhi ngifuna ukuthuthukisa isevisi yayo isuka ku-60A iye ku-200A.Konke kufanele kubuyekezwe ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nemithetho yamanje.Njengoba lwalungekho ucingo oluphansi, ekugcineni ngichithe iminyaka engu-3 ngikhipha futhi ngishintsha zonke izintambo.Ngemva kokuqedwa, igumbi ngalinye linesihlukanisi sesekethe esizinikezele, esikhundleni sokusebenzisa amafuse angu-7 ukunika amandla wonke amagumbi okulala angu-5/2 izindlu zangasese.
Lapho ngisusa isisekelo semitha endala, ngathola nokuthi ishethi yocingo ikhombisa izimpawu zokuncibilika.Amabhokisi amabili ama-fuse amane abekwe eceleni futhi ahlanganiswe ngamantongomane ahlukanisiwe.Kwatholakala ukuthi izifunda ezimbili zazixhunywe ndawonye, ​​ngakho ukukhipha i-fuse akuzange kucime igatsha (okunzima ukukuthola).Ziningi ezinye izono ezincane, ziningi kakhulu.Angazi ukuthi kungani leyo ndlu ingashiswanga.
Yeka isihloko esifike ngesikhathi.Ngisanda kuthenga indlu enesekhethi yegatsha le-aluminium (yebo, ngamabomu).Kuleli hlobo, ngizoqala ukulungisa kabusha ithusi eligcwele, ukunyakaza kwamaphaneli kanye nephaneli encane yegaraji.Lona umsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa ngingakwazi ukuwenza ngokwami ​​umsebenzi omningi, ukuze ngikwazi ukuwukhokhela.
Noma iyiphi idatha engabangela umlilo uma usebenzisa isokhethi "yezintambo ezingemuva"?Nginezindlu ezimbili, futhi indlela yazo eyinhloko yokuxhuma iwukuxhuma ngocingo olusemuva olusemuva esikhundleni sezikulufu.Ngithole ukuthi izindlu eziningi azisebenzi kahle noma zikhombisa i-carbonization.
Njengocingo lwe-aluminium, izinguquko zenziwe ukulungisa izinkinga zangaphambi kwesikhathi.Sesikushilo lokho, angikawasebenzisi ama-back stabs (indlela yomugqa wokuxhumana wasentwasahlobo) ngoba asahluleka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi.
Ngisebenzise izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezintambo ezingemuva ezinezinsimbi ezigxilile (faka izintambo ezimbotsheni zikamhlahlandlela futhi ngiqinise izikulufu esikhundleni sokuhuka iziphetho zezintambo)
Ngithanda isikulufu esisha sokuthunjwa, okuwuhlobo oludala "lokuphusha nethemba" engihlangabezane nalo.
Ngishintshe inqwaba yamasokhethi angena ashisa kakhulu.Angikhathali ukuthi ubani uthini, angizisebenzisi.Lokhu akunjalo lapho amasokhethi ekhwalithi ephezulu ebiza ngaphezu kwamadola amabili.
Uhlobo olunesikulufu sokulungisa + lungase luthembeke kakhulu kunocingo olungaphansi kohlobo lwesikulufu.I-fixture iyisiphethu se-copper alloy esiqinile, ngakho-ke ngeke inyakaze nokuhamba ngebhayisikili.Kusukela ngawo-1960s, lokhu kube wukumiswa okujwayelekile kwamatheminali ngezikulufu zezimboni.
Ngikhumbula beqala ukuphuma.Ngiyakungabaza, kodwa ngisasebenzisa i-backstab.Sawubona, lo umkhiqizo osohlwini lwe-UL.Ngenhlanhla, ngalungisa kabusha ikhishi lomngane wami owathenga indlu engayixhumela izintambo eminyakeni engu-20 edlule.Lena yindlu lapho ngisebenzise khona indlela ye-backstab.Lapho ngikhipha isokhethi noma ngishintsha ukuze ngisebenze kabusha izifunda ezithile, isokhethi/iswishi yayizowa.Ukumelana okuphezulu, ukulimala okushisayo okusobala.Okwangimangaza ukuthi izixhumi ezisetshenziswa namuhla zashintsha amantongomane.
Isomisi sami sezingubo siyayeka ukusebenza ngezikhathi ezithile.Ngakho-ke, ngihlole zonke izixhumanisi ku-dryer.Ayikho inhlanhla.Kwesinye isikhathi, ikhaya lami (elisha sha) lalinenkinga ngocingo lwesokhethi yokomisa, ngakho ngalivula.
I-Backstab?Akuphelele.Umuntu ofaka izintambo ucabanga ukuthi lokhu kuyi-backstab, nakuba empeleni kuyi-backstab edinga ukuthi izikulufi ziqiniswe.Indlu yami entsha yashiswa.
Ingabe osebenza ngogesi wenze iphutha?Akwenzeki kakhulu.Cishe usonkontileka waqasha umngane wosebenza ngamapayipi ukuba afake izintambo.
Bangakwazi ngisho nokuxhumana okungemuva okungaba ngu-50A noma kuphi?Awunaso isiqiniseko ngezwe/isifunda sakho (kanye ne-voltage ne-amperage), kodwa ngokuvamile uma ungumsebenzisi wase-US, okwamanje okuxhunywe esomisini sakho ngu-40A noma ngaphezulu.Angikaze ngimbone oyedwa wabo noma owakamuva onameva.
Ngokunikezwa incazelo yelinye iqembu, babhekisela kuzo zonke izingubo zikagesi zokomisa izingubo.Noma ngabe ubani osebenzisa isekethe engu-540 V, akunakwenzeka ukuqinisa izikulufu ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela amakhondakta.
Okubi!Kuyisixhumi esingu-240-volt, esingaba ama-amps angu-50, kodwa angicabangi kanjalo manje.Isixhumi akusona isitayela se-back-stab, kodwa "iphupho elibi lika-plumber" elikuhlanganisayo, ngokusobala.Kuyamangaza, ngoba yonke indlu ingu-20A, enezintambo ezifanele eziseceleni, zisebenzisa izikulufu njengomuntu osebenza ngogesi othembekile.
Iphrojekthi yami yamanje owokulungisa izithango zikagesi, engizikhokhele ukufaka ama-insulators.Bakwenza kabi futhi abakwazanga ukumelana nokudonsa kocingo olubadonsayo.Sicela ulinde, lena akuyona iphrojekthi yamanje.Lena iphrojekthi engaba khona.Hhayi-ke ngicabanga ukuthi ngiqonde iphrojekthi ye-VOLTAGE.
E-United States, ububanzi ngokuvamile bungu-50A.Ngenxa yokuthi lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamakhondaktha aminyene, kunzima ukuyiphusha kunketho C. Zonke izinto ezomisa izingubo zikagesi ngokuvamile ziyi-30A.Ingaphakelwa ngama-conductor aqinile, kodwa angikaze ngihlangabezane nenketho yokuphusha lapho.
Yebo, izitolo eziyisithupha esitolo sami zivaliwe ngonyaka odlule.Kuvela ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ubani oxhunywe kusokhethi, ukugwazwa kwangemuva kwamanye amasokhethi e-GFCI ane-daisy-chain asetshenziswa.Ngaya emsebenzini nesitolo esishile ukuze ngibonise indoda yami enkulu.
Lawa madivayisi asengasetshenziswa.Ngokusobala, inani elikhulu lezinhlolovo zesampula embonini yomshwalense azizange ziveze izinkinga ezisabalele.Uma lawo madatha amancane kakhulu efuna ukukhombisa ukuthi akhona, awakafiki kuleli zinga.Imboni yomshwalense ikhona ukuze yenze imali.Ngokuphathelene nemininingwane abayitusayo, ngeke bakubekezelele ukulahlekelwa, futhi ngeke baqine kakhulu ukuba bakwazi ukukhokhela izindleko zokwakha izakhiwo.
“Ngeke babe nemingcele eqinile kangangokuthi bangakwazi ukukhokhela ukwakha izakhiwo.”Yebo.UTrump usenamandla okwakha izinto.
Izinkampani zomshwalense azifuni ukuqeda umlilo/ubungozi, ngoba lapho-ke, abantu ngeke babe nasizathu sokukhokha imali yomshwalense—abafuni neze ukuzenza bangasebenzi.
Ubungozi kufanele buhlale buphezulu ngokwanele ukuze kugcinwe amaphrimiyamu enyuka, futhi indlela yokuthola inzuzo ukukuvimba ngenxa yezigatshana ezithile noma ezinye izigaba ezingama-22.
Amadivayisi anezinketho zokuxhuma ngokucindezela asetshenziswe amashumi eminyaka.Lapho zisatholakala khona.Kungenzeka ukuthi kusho ukuthi imboni yomshwalense ayinabo ubufakazi bokuthi iyimbangela evamile yokusha.Kungaba yilawo madivayisi aklanywe futhi agunyazwa ukuxazulula izinkinga ezithile zophenyo lomlilo ezitholiwe.
Kumelwe kube nenkinga ngomshini wokulwa nokugwazwa olungiswe entwasahlobo.Angikwazi ukukutshela ukuthi kukangaki ngihlangabezana nale nkinga, kodwa ngingase ngicheme ngokuba ngumuntu osebenza ngogesi.Le nkinga ingase ingabonakali ngoba mancane amathuba okuthi ibangele umlilo.Ngokuvamile, izodala izinkinga zesikhashana kuphela, noma izonqamula yonke isekethe.
Enye inkinga engiyibonayo ukuthi ngemva kweminyaka eyishumi, uma ishiywe endaweni, basengakwazi "ukusebenza", kodwa inqobo nje uma othile (osebenza ngogesi) enyakazisa idivayisi ngokomzimba, izophahlazeka / yehluleke.
Ngisho noma ngiphuthuma, ngeke ngiphinde ngisebenzise i-bayonet, kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela efanelekile ye-hook / screw, futhi kungcono ukuhlanganisa yonke into ibe i-braid.Noma idivayisi ihlinzeka ngesikulufu ngenketho eqondile/ehlabayo ngemuva, engaqinisa ikhondukta, ngisazama ukusebenzisa izingwegwe nezikulufu.
Angicabangi ukuthi i-UK isebenzisa i-aluminium ukuze ifake izintambo zasekhaya, kodwa iBritish Telecom izama ukuyisebenzisela izintambo ezimbili ezisontekile.Kwalandela inhlekelele efanayo.Nakuba umlilo ungeyona inkinga yokuxhumana engagwemeki, uma usugqwalile, kuba yinhlekelele.
I-Aluminium nayo ilungile.Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ngathenga ubude bekhebula yocingo eyisiyingi emine, eyikhondatha eyodwa ukuze ngiyisebenzise endlini.Okwangimangazayo, nakuba umqhubi we-conductor ekhipha ukukhanya okubomvu ngemva kokukhunyulwa kwe-insulation, inozibuthe (ekhangwa futhi iphakanyiswe uzibuthe)!Ngakho ngaya kwenye indawo futhi ngazithengela enye ikhebuli…kwakuyafana…intambo yensimbi egqitshwe ngethusi (ngicabanga ukuthi kwakunjalo).
Ukuze uthole inkomba kuphela, ulayini wefoni wenkundla yezempi yase-US wakhiwe ngocingo oluxhunywe ngethusi nensimbi.Le nsimbi inika amandla ocingweni, futhi iminwe yochwepheshe bezingcingo babhoboza izinaliti eziningi.
Ungenzi.Kuyingxube yamandla (insimbi) kanye ne-conductivity (ithusi).Siphinde sisebenzise le ntambo elungele iminwe kwezempi.Kumvamisa yezwi, ungawuziba umphumela wesikhumba.Ngendlela, ngisebenzisa le ntambo njenge-antenna ye-dipole: D, ngoba inamandla ngempela...
Intambo kazibuthe inomphumela wesikhumba osobala kumaza omsindo.Empeleni ayiyona i-conductor engaphezu kuka-300 Hz.
Izintambo ze-Aluminium zisakwenza u-BT azizwe ephathwa yikhanda.Ngizwe ukuthi cishe u-20% wezintambo ezisontekile ezifakwe kwezinye izindawo ziyi-aluminium...
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970 ngemva kokuphela kwemboni ye-aluminium, ngangiyingcweti kagesi.I-aluminium eningi yayisafakwe ngaleso sikhathi.Ukufakwa okubi kakhulu engikubonile ukuthi umakhi uhlanganise i-aluminium ibe yithusi ngaphambi kokungena ebhokisini likagesi nangemuva kwephaneli enkulu.Indlu yakhiwa ngo-1972. Sacelwa ukuba sixazulule izinkinga zikagesi eziyinqaba.Lapho ngithola umsebenzi sewenziwe futhi ngitshela umninikhaya ngenani eliphelele lokuhlanganisa izintambo, wathi “cha ngiyabonga” sabe sesihamba.Ngokwazi kwami ​​le ndlu isamile, nobuhlakani ayikashintshwa.
Lol ngeke ngiphumelele mqambimanga.Ngeke ngicabange ukusebenzisa i-AL emisebenzini eminingi ye-CU futhi ngikhokhise imali.
Kwakungo-1977. Kuye ngokuthi indlu yayakhiwe nini futhi kuphi, ngacabanga ukuthi umtshuzi omkhulu uthole indlela yokulahla izintambo ze-aluminium ezisele.Lokhu kusentshonalanga yeNew York.Ngaphandle kwalapho umshushisi ebandakanyeka ekwenziweni, angiqondi ukuthi ucingo oluwugqinsi ludlula kanjani ukuhlolwa.Ngangifaka izintambo lapho ngineminyaka engu-77, futhi abahloli bendawo bahlale behlola izintambo eziqinile ngaphambi kokuba ukwakheka kwamadwala kukhuphuke.Intambo empeleni iboshwe kanye ne-crimp yezintambo ezi-4.Siyisebenzisela ukuxhuma unomphela cishe amayintshi angu-4 ngaphandle kwawo wonke amabhokisi kagesi, ngaphandle kwezintambo eziphakathi kwephaneli nebhokisi lokuqala.
Uma inkumbulo yami ilungile, khona-ke yonke inhlekelele iyimbangela yokuthukwa kuka-Giraldo Rivera.Ngisho ukuthi kwamenza waduma emaphephandabeni.Ukudweba ibalazwe esihlabathini kwamdumaza.
"Nakuba ukususa izintambo ze-aluminium zegatsha bese ufaka ithusi nakho kuyinketho, nakuba kubiza futhi kulimaza."
Ayikho into embi njengokuthuthukisa yonke indlu isuka kuzintambo ezinganele nezindala* iye kokuthile okungahlangabezana nezidingo zesimanje.
Ngivame ukuhlangana nezintambo ezindala ezivaliwe (ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II).Ingabe izinto zokuvikela ezisetshenziswa ngaleso sikhathi ziyizinto eziphilayo kanye nendwangu?- Ukuphahlazeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Into embi kakhulu!Siyibiza ngokuthi i-ragwire, futhi inezivikelo ezigoqiwe zensimbi.Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuyishintsha, kodwa uma ungakwazi ukuqaphela kakhulu.Ngivame ukubeka umkhono wepulasitiki lapho izintambo ziphuma khona kusukela ezikhalini, uma kwenzeka, i-tape kagesi nayo iyadingeka.Bheka nje kuzodala isifunda esifushane!
Izintambo ezindala ozishilo ziyizintambo zenjoloba ezimbozwe ngendwangu.Uma nje i-insulation isesimeni esihle, ayikho inkinga ngezintambo.Ngemva kweMpi Yezwe II, kwasetshenziswa izintambo zenjoloba ezifakwe ngendwangu.Izintambo zesimanje ze-THHN zivalwe nge-polyvinyl chloride enayiloni, futhi i-polyvinyl chloride ezintanjeni zesimanje nazo zizolimala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngokuya ngesicelo, izintambo ze-armored zisasetshenziswa nanamuhla.Uzoyibona noma yikuphi lapho izintambo kufanele zivezwe khona, ngoba izintambo zendlu ye-Romex kufanele zibe ngaphakathi odongeni kuphela, ngaphandle kocingo olufushane kakhulu olungenalutho, okuwukugxuma kokugcina ukusuka odongeni kuya ku-heater yamanzi.
Njengoba ushilo, "inqobo nje uma i-insulating isesimweni esihle" kuyisihluthulelo.Ngisho noma igcinwe endaweni elawulwa yisimo sezulu, ayivamile.Ufuna ukwazi ukuthi i-asbestos isetshenzisiwe yini ezindaweni zokuhlala zokufakwa kwezintambo?
Kufanele kube… Irabha yome kangangokuthi iphula ungqimba oluvikelayo lube yimpushana ngesando.Futhi ngiqinisekile ukuthi lokhu kungaphambi kwempi.Indlu okwaphuma kuyo ikhebula yakhiwa ngawo-1920.
Ngiphinde ngabhekana namakhebuli anomthofu kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.Ngiyaqonda ukuthi lokhu kusetshenziswa ngaphandle nangaphansi komhlaba.
@Shannon Ngezinye izikhathi ngithola ukuthi ikhebula elimbozwe ngomthofu linama-copper amabili asontekile, ungqimba oluvikelayo kanye nongqimba olungaphezulu.
Shannon: HTTP: //lmgtfy.com/ Q = Ukuhola + Ikhava + Ugesi + Ikhebula & NUM = 20 & newwindow = 1 & RLZ = 1C1CHFX_enUS611US611 & TBM = isch & umthombo = IU & ictx = 1 & fir = uwBoo4u% 25A Cm 252Cq_bTOM 252CQ_bTOM_CmM% 253A% 252Cq_bTOM_CmM% 253A% 252CQ_bTOM 252CQ_bTOM_CmM% 253A% 252CQ_bTOM% t 6Ah 0D % t Ah X % 1MKHYwIBMwQ9QEIUTAI #imgrc = uwBoo4uTG6tCmM:
Kukhona ukwahlukanisa phakathi kwekhondatha yethusi kanye nomgodla womthofu (umbono ofanayo nokubeka izintambo ngaphakathi komsele wensimbi).
Indlu yethu yakhiwa ngeminyaka yama-50s.Umnikazi wangaphambilini wasebenzisa i-romex ukuze afake kabusha izintambo zendlu, kodwa akazange ayenze kabusha insimbi yomnyango.Akudingeki ukuthi kusho ukuthi ayisoze yagijima kahle.Saqeda umsebenzi wokufaka indandatho futhi sabhoboza izimbobo kuphaneli yodonga lwendawo yokudlela ukuze sinikeze amandla nge-plug-in transformer.Kubi kancane, kepha kuyasebenza, futhi kunekhabhinethi phambi kodaka.Sabuza osebenza ngogesi ukuthi kungabiza malini ukudabula uphahla lwendlu ephahleni sisuka emshinini oguquguqukayo wangempela ophahleni kuya emnyango ongaphambili, futhi sahleka.
Usho okuthile ngokufakwa "ushokoledi".Inezici zesakhiwo sikashokoledi omdala.Into emangalisayo./ s Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ithusi liyaqina futhi libe brittle, licishe libe libi kakhulu.
Indlu yasepulazini engakhulela kuyo eminyakeni engaphezu kuka-200 edlule yayinamafindo namapayipi ekamelweni elingaphansi.Kubukeka njengezintambo zethusi ezingenalutho ezinamasentimitha ambalwa kuphela phakathi kwezivikeli zezigxobo zocingo lukagesi.Kanye noma kabili ngonyaka, kufanele ngiye lapho futhi ngikhiphe isidumbu samagundane afile ocingweni futhi ngibuyisele i-fuse futhi.
Lapho ngiseyingane, ugogo nomkhulu babenezintambo zamafindo namapayipi endlini.Qalisa ukukhanyisa ngekhebula le-ZIP elimiswe odongeni, bese uvula iswishi yokukhanyisa 1/4 ijike kwesokudla ukuze uvule/uvale/uvale/uvale ukukhanyisa.Yonke indlu ivikelwe i-fuse ekugcineni kwe-attic lapho ikhebula lingena endlini.Ngaphandle uma unebhadi legundane bese uthatha isinqumo sokunyathela imigqa emibili engalungile bese uthi “po, no mouse”, lokhu kuphephe kakhulu.
Kukhona ifindo noma amabili angcwatshwe ndawana thize endlini.Sebenzisa kabusha ugesi omningi (omdala nomusha).
Empeleni ngiyawathanda amafindo namashubhu.Ama-conductor ahlukaniswe ngokomzimba futhi awela ama-insulators.akuyona into enkulu.Yini ibhere, ukuyihlanganisa nezintambo zesimanje ezihlanganisiwe.
Ngake ngathwebula idokhumentari ekhuluma ngoBach, futhi amanye amasonto endaweni eyayiyiMpumalanga Jalimane nawo asebenzisa izintambo ze-aluminium, ephetha isitayela se-Mecano ngebhokisi le-fuse lensimbi.Brrr...
Osebenza ngogesi ukhona.Ngake ngasebenza njengochwepheshe bezogesi enkampanini ethile.Ngathola ucingo futhi othile wakhala ngokuthi isokhethi liyakhazimula.Ngiyaqhosha ngoba ngithole zonke izinhlobo zezingcingo ezingasile (okungukuthi IE; i-analog TV endala iyangiqapha).Ngokuqinisekile, uma ubheka amasokhethi, amaningana awo empeleni azokhanya ngokubomvu uma kunomthwalo ofanele kumjikelezo njenge-heater yesikhala.Le ntokazi yathi sekuneminyaka eminingi kwenzeka lokhu!Lokhu kuyizintambo ze-aluminium, okuholela ekuxhumekeni okuphezulu kokumelana ngenxa ye-oxide/creep.
Kwenzeka iminyaka eminingi!Gosh, ngibone izintambo ezikhazimulayo ngase ngicisha ugesi ngokushesha.Izisekelo nezindonga kumele nazo zishiswe.
"Nakuba ukususa izintambo ze-aluminium zegatsha bese ufaka ithusi nakho kuyinketho, nakuba kubiza futhi kulimaza."
Ingabe izindlu zaseMelika azisebenzisi ipayipi le-PVC ukwenza izintambo?Uma kunjalo, ukushintsha izintambo zegatsha empeleni akunzima kangako noma kucekela phansi
Nqamula amandla kusekethi ethintekile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izintambo azishajiwe, xhuma isiphethu sokudonsa/ikhebula ezintanjeni ezisebhokisini lokuhlangana, bese usebenzisa ikhebula elidala ukuze ukhiphe enye ingxenye yekhebula ngaphandle kwekhebula.Xhuma intambo entsha kukhebuli yokudonsa.Faka intambo entsha epayipini, xhuma kabusha idivayisi futhi uvule.
Khipha ibhodi le-gypsum bese ulibuyisela endaweni yalo, okuhlanganisa sonke isikhathi nomsebenzi onzima odingekayo, okuhlanganisa ukupakisha ibhodi le-gypsum nokupenda kabusha wonke upende, noma kunjalo awubukeki ulungile.Lena indlela yokwakha engenangqondo.Awukwazi nokuyibuka, ingasaphathwa eyokuyishintsha noma ukuyithuthukisa.
Ungikhumbuza ngokuthunyelwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, lowo muntu ngokuyisisekelo usike inqwaba yonxande be-drywall ukuze nje abeke izintambo ezithile kuseva yakhe yekhabethe.Kwenza wesabe isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ulungise.
I-EMT (noma iminyene) izolunga, kodwa-ke (kubonakala) akekho ongathenga indlu ngenxa "yobubi".Ngenhlanhla, ama-catheter angasetshenziswa kwezentengiselwano nezimboni, abantu empeleni banendaba nokugcinwa, futhi ukwakheka kwesakhiwo akukwazi ukuhlala iminyaka engama-20 noma engama-30.
Ungakwazi ukungcwaba i-EMT odongeni.Amanye amadolobha, njengeChicago, ayayidinga.Ngiyathanda ukusebenzisa lezi zinto, ikakhulukazi ekulungiseni, kodwa ayinakho ukuguquguquka futhi ngenxa yalokho ilinganiselwe.
Manje uyazi ukuthi kungani abantu abaningi benza umsebenzi wabo omningi besebenzisa i-attic noma isikhala sokukhasa sesibili esingcono kakhulu noma iphansi.Enye inzuzo yokudabula i-plasterboard ukuthi uma kufanele uyifake kabusha kuqala, khona-ke (ugwebu akukubi, kodwa kusenezimbobo)
Izintambo ezingezona ezensimbi zisetshenziswe ezakhiweni zokuhlala ezingxenyeni eziningi ze-United States amashumi eminyaka.Ikhodi idinga ukuthi ibethelwe eduze kwebhokisi ledivayisi.Ngokuvamile, iziteshi zitholakala ezindlini ezisemadolobheni ahlelekile lapho ukuthengiselana kungeyona into evamile.Ngiyisisebenzi nesisebenzi esisizayo, kodwa angiphelelwa yisikhathi.Ngenza umsebenzi omuhle futhi ngiyahambisana nezimfuneko zomthetho.Lokho kuphazamisa amakhasimende akho.
> Ipayipi le-PVC?Uma kunjalo, ukushintsha izintambo zegatsha empeleni akunzima kangako noma kucekela phansi
Hehehe… Ipayipi le-PVC selisetshenziswe odongeni iminyaka engu-30, sicela uzame ukudonsa noma yini kulo-ipayipi lizophuka libe yizicucu.O, kuhle, sekuyisikhathi sokudabula i-plasterboard.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, ngangishintshe ingxenye yezintambo endlini yami (eyakhiwe maphakathi nawo-80s), kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ipayipi laphuka.Angikaze ngizwe nokuthi kuyinkinga lokhu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, konke lokhu kwenzeka, futhi insimbi engagqwali isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni samapayipi amanzi ethusi.Umphumela uba ukugqwala kwe-intergranular nokuvuza kwe-pinhole.
Baningi abaholayo manje abashintshiwe.Nokho, inqobo nje uma ikhemikhali yamanzi (* ahem * Flint) isagcinwe kahle, amapayipi amanzi omthofu ngeke abangele izinkinga, njengezintambo ze-aluminium.
Bese, "akuseyona inkinga".Ngokufanayo, inqobo nje uma izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zamanzi zigcinwe kahle.
Ngisho ne-wattage, ungahlala utshela umphumela wokuxuba izinsimbi ezimbili.Umsakazo omncane (umbuso oqinile) udla ngaphansi kwesigamu se-ampere ku-115v (ikota ye-230v), kodwa ku-12v?I-shit izoba mnyama, ibe luhlaza, bese inamathela!
Ingxenye ye-viscous yizinga lokuvikela ukushisa elingafanele ukuchayeka kwinhlanganisela yezinto ezilandelayo: ukushisa, ukugqwala kwethusi ne-alumina.Uma uzama ukucwecwa nokusonta ukuxhumana "okusontekile" futhi, akusebenzi, i-uC izoqhubeka nokuphahlazeka/ukwehla.
Asekhona amapayipi amanzi e-oki edolobheni engangifunda kulo ekolishi.Yakhiwa ngeminyaka yawo-1800.Ziqhuma kanye njalo eminyakeni eyishumi noma ngaphezulu.Kuvela ukuthi zingashintshwa.Umehluko kuphela ukuthi namuhla banamabhande ensimbi engagqwali (angaphandle) esikhundleni somthofu.
Ibhande elidala liyinsimbi.Umthofu awunamandla ngokwanele.Isetshenziselwa ulayini wesevisi osuka emzimbeni omkhulu uya endlini.Lapho senza umsebenzi wokuhambisa indle eningizimu ye-Tacoma, sakhipha imigqa yodonga yokhuni engasasebenzi engama-intshi angu-54.Isesimeni esihle.Ngikholwa ukuthi kusekhona amamayela ezintambo ezindala ezingama-intshi angu-54 eziveziwe ezisekelweni zikakhonkolo ukuze zinikeze i-Tacoma ngamanzi.
I-Aluminiyamu noma ithusi: Ukugcwala okungekuhle kwesekethe.I-circuit breaker ayikwazi ukumisa isiphukuphuku, vele uthembe ukuthi inganciphisa, futhi akukho lutho olungenakulungiswa.
Ngibone izintambo ezimbalwa zesimanje ezishibhile, ziyi-aluminum.Inkinga ukuthi ibukeka njengethusi, okwamanje ikakhulukazi ezintanjeni zenethiwekhi, kodwa kukhona namakhebuli asontekile we-ultra-flex nxazonke.Akukuhle lokho?Ngisho noma uvula i-quadcopter.Ngabe ukhona oke wabona ukuthi izintambo zikagesi noma izintambo zikagesi ze-IEC ezimpahleni zikagesi zilula kakhulu?Ingabe ziyi-aluminium?
Inkinga enkulu nge-aluminium ukuthi ayiwaboni amacala okusetshenziswa lapho ilungiswa futhi ixutshwa nezinye izingxenye zikagesi ezivame kakhulu.Abazange bacabange ukuthi abantu bangasebenzisa izigqoko zethusi namantongomane ezintambo ezintanjeni ze-aluminium, futhi bangase banezele izintambo ze-aluminium ohlelweni oludala lwezintambo zethusi.Kungani lokhu kwenzeka kuyimfihlakalo kimi, ngoba noma yimuphi umshini kagesi onenkampani yamandla uzokwazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingabangela.Lokhu ukwehluleka okukhulu kwe-NFPA (Ikhodi Kagesi).
Konke lokhu kungaphambi kokuba ngithole ukuqeqeshwa, safunda ikhodi eyayisetshenziselwa isifunda segatsha sase-AL ngaleso sikhathi, futhi salamukela ikhambi.Ngabe iNFPA isigunyaze umkhuba osetshenziswa umasipala noma ukwehluleka kukamasipala?Umasipala ungakhetha ukwamukela noma ukungamukeli i-NEC, noma uguqule isikhangiso.
Ngoxhumo lwe-inthanethi olunesivinini esikhulu, lokhu kungase kube nengqondo.Umphumela wesikhumba wemvamisa ephezulu uzodala ukuthi isignali isakaze endaweni yekhebula.Esilungiselelweni samandla aphezulu, lokhu ngeke kusebenze ngoba ithusi lisebenza kakhulu kune-aluminium, ukuze iningi lamanje ligweme isikhungo sekhebula, futhi ingxenye yakho eyisiphambano esebenzayo izoba eyethusi.Ezintamboni zamandla eziguquguqukayo, i-aluminium ayiyona into enhle kakhulu, ngoba ngomthamo ofanayo wokuthwala wamanje, i-aluminium kufanele ibe nkulu.I-conductivity ye-aluminium cishe i-60% yethusi kuphela.
Qaphela i-CCA!AmaShayina athengisa "i-copper-clad aluminium" eshibhile ngamamitha ama-low-voltage amancane.Lokhu kungamampunge neze futhi kuzogqwala maduze.Ivamise ukufakwa ohlwini “njengethusi” ku-Amazon, eBay, nakwezinye izingosi encazelweni eyinhloko, kodwa uma ubheka amagama amahle, izoveza “CCA”.Njengoba intengo yethusi ikhuphuka futhi, intengo yalesi silahli ngokuvamile ingaphansi kwengxenye yethusi.
Ngenze iphutha elikhulu, okwakuwukusebenzisa ukufakwa kwezibani zokuhlobisa ze-12V LED ngaphandle, hhayi kude nolwandle.Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi yonke into yayishiselwe futhi ingavezwanga ngokuqondile emvuleni noma emoyeni onosawoti egobolondweni, yagqwala esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-4.Ngisebenzise amathuluzi amaningi ekufakweni kwangaphakathi eduze nolwandle, futhi yagqwala phakathi nezinyanga eziyi-18.Ngigcine kufanele ngifake kabusha le miklamo emibili kusukela ekuqaleni, futhi izindleko zaziphezulu.
Okubi kakhulu ikhebula le-CCA Ethernet.Iqinisekisiwe ukuthi ayisebenzi kahle.https://www.cablinginstall.com/articles/2011/03/ccca-cda-warn-against-copper-clad-aluminum-cables.html
Ngeke ngiphikisane nochwepheshe, kodwa ngiyamangala ukuthi, uma kucatshangelwa umphumela wesikhumba, ngenxa yezicelo zemvamisa ephezulu, abaqhubi abagqokile abasebenzi kahle.
Ngicabanga ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukujiya okuncane kokuvala, okungenzeka kungabi nentshisekelo enkulu kubahlinzeki baseShayina.
Okunye ukuthuthukiswa kukagesi kwenziwa ezisekelweni zikasonkontileka we-townhouse.Intambo ewugqinsi ye-AL ewugqinsi ye-aluminium ayifanele neze ukufakwa odongeni.Alikho ithuba lokuyigoba.Bophela ithusi ngefindo elifanele nebhande elilwa no-c.Enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu engake ngazenza.Ngokombono, ukufaka esikhundleni sesitsha ku-SoSF Ca kudinga imvume nokuhlolwa.Basebenzisa abahloli bemboni yonke abangazi lutho lapha, okuhlanganisa nokuhlukaniswa okulula kweminyango noma 1000/160."Oh...nginike ama-roof vents amane."Akanalutho.Ngisebenzise umoya wokungenisa umoya.Ngiphinde ngabona ipayipi lami lokuqala eliholayo ngesikhathi se-SF Victorian (emva kwe-Clue).I-P-trap ephelele isesimweni esihle.Imisele esikhundleni.I-Roto Router engangiyisebenzisa lapha yathi: “Kudingeka ugunde izinwele zakho zibe mfishane.Uma kungenjalo ngeke ukwenze.Kunzima kakhulu.”Ngamkhokhela u-300 kuya ku-150. Namanje angikwazi ukukuxazulula.Akukho mbuyiselo.Ngiyazizonda iziwula.Funa konke okunenzuzo.
Ngisebenza enkampanini yamakhebula.Sisebenzisa insimbi egqize ngethusi kanye nocwecwe lwe-aluminium enezihlangu ezintathu (ucwecwe lwe-aluminium olulukiweyo lwe-aluminium), kuyilapho inkampani yesathelayithi isebenzisa amakhondaktha ethusi amsulwa ngesikhathi sokusebenza.Ngenxa yomphumela wesikhumba, sidinga kuphela ukugqoka ithusi.Angizange ngimbone umqhubi wesikhungo se-aluminium, izintambo eziningi ezingenangqondo, kodwa ayikho i-aluminium.
Uma usebenzisa i-AL, ukukhulisa i-voltage yomugqa akusona isisombululo sezinkinga eziyisisekelo zokugqwala.Ingasaphathwa eyokusebenzisana nawo wonke amadivayisi asetshenziswayo njengamanje noma ekusakazeni kokunikezwayo.Ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele kuzoholela esihogweni, emva kwalokho i-United States izosebenzisa amandla ombane aphezulu ukukhanyisa amasekhethi ezinto ezisetshenziswayo zasendlini ezincane.Sicela uvale ngaphambi kokuthi i-POTUS yethu yamanje ikuvumele ukuthi ukhokhele ushintsho.
Ngokukhanya kwe-LED, asisadingi amasekhethi okukhanyisa angu-15A.Singasebenzisa ukucaciswa kwe-18v 120v 5A ezinhlelweni zokukhanyisa.Isekethe eyodwa isengakhanyisa indlu yonke.
Empeleni sidinga kuphela amapulagi angu-15A noma angu-20A azosetshenziselwa izinto zokushisisa, njengezifudumezi zasemkhathini, amathosta, amaketela, njll… kanye neziqandisi, iziqandisi, iziqandisi nama-air conditioner.
Ngaphandle uma ithusi libiza kakhulu, ushintsho ngeke lwenzeke.Bese ngikwazi ukubona ezinye izixazululo, ezifana namandla ahlakaniphile.Idivayisi exhunyiwe ikhuluma ne-inverter, futhi i-inverter inikeza amandla nge-voltage edingekayo kuze kufike ku-600v.Ngakho-ke, i-toaster yakho engu-1000W izodinga i-600V ngakho-ke isebenzisa kuphela i-1.6A yamanje, engase yeqe ulayini wegeji engama-20.Khipha i-toaster bese ufaka iminwe yakho phakathi, ingase ibe ngu-30V kuphela.Inqobo nje uma imishini idinga, i-voltage izokhuphuka kuphela.Yonke isekethe kufanele ibe umsebenzi wasekhaya, ongavala noma yikuphi ukonga kwezindleko zezintambo ezincane.
Thula!Uma abantu beqala ukwenza izibalo ezinjengalezi, ukuphela kwendawo esingasebenzisa kuyo amathuluzi kagesi endlini entsha yikhishi!Ingabe yilokho okufunayo?!?Lokho kungase kube ukufa komuntu oyimfundamakhwela.Abantu abakha noma yini ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane kusukela manje abantu abasebenzayo.
Asisoze sayibona i-600V endaweni yokuhlala.Izidingo ze-insulation kanye nezikhala zokusebenza sezinzima kakhulu ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngokuphepha nangokonga.Njengoba uphakamisile, amasekhethi ahlakaniphile nawo azobiza kakhulu kumasekhethi edivayisi.Isifunda ngasinye sidinga ukondla idivayisi eyodwa ncamashi.Uma kungenjalo, idivayisi izodinga ukuba ummeleli we-voltage evamile, bese isekethe ngayinye izonqunyelwa umkhawulo kagesi wedivayisi ngesilinganiso se-voltage esibuthakathaka kakhulu, futhi umthamo wamanje wokuthwala wezintambo udinga ukusethwa ukuze phatha ingqikithi yamanje yawo wonke amadivaysi asesekethe I-voltage ephansi kunazo zonke intambo enkulu yegeji.
Uma isekethe ngayinye ine-multi-kilowatt smart buck-boost AC converter yayo, yini ngempela esiyizuzayo ngaphandle kokwengeza izindleko ezengeziwe?Kungenzeka yini ukuhambisa ihhavini kusuka odongeni olulodwa kuya kolunye?Isomisi sakho sisuka egumbini lokuhlanza siye ekamelweni?I-compressor yakho isuka egaraji iye egumbini lokungcebeleka?Yebo, lezi zibonelo azinangqondo ekwakhiweni, okwanele ukukhombisa ukuthi iningi lokuguquguquka okutholwe ngezindleko ezinkulu akusizi ngabanikazi bezindlu.Ngaphandle kokuhlukile okumbalwa (okufana nokomisa izinwele, amaketela kagesi, ohhavini bemicrowave, amathosta, amapani okuthosa ama-turkey, amathuluzi kagesi), indawo yamasokhethi abasebenzisi abanamandla amakhulu ingabikezelwa ngokunembile ngesikhathi sokwakha noma sokwakha kabusha, futhi umjikelezo uklanyelwe. ukuze libe eliphansi kakhulu Nikeza amandla ngokuphepha ngezindleko.Ngaphezu kwezindleko eziphezulu zama-smart AC converter anamandla amakhulu, uma sibeka ukuthi abasebenzisi abasindayo bakhokhela u-85% wezikweletu zikagesi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwalezi ziguquli ezihlakaniphile ngama-97%, sizophinde senyuse izikweletu zikagesi ngo-2.63%.Ayiluhlaza kakhulu.
Ngiyabona ukuthuthuka komqondo ojwayelekile esikhathini esizayo.Amasekhethi ahlakaniphile ane-low-voltage azoba indlela yokuphepha.Iqembu lama-1-n LED bulbs lingakwazi ukuxhumana ne-upstream smart circuit breaker-uma i-circuit breaker ingakwazi ukuchaza i-mA ngayinye edlulayo kuyo, ingadalula isimo sephutha, iqalise ukuzihlola kwe-bulb ukuze ihlukanise idivayisi enephutha, uma kunqunywa ukuthi wonke amadivaysi akhona Uma kujwayelekile futhi izintambo zingalungile, zizokhubeka noma zikhubeke.Singenza okufanayo kumadivayisi ane-voltage ephansi namandla aphansi njengamashaja efoni, amathoyizi, nezinye izinsumpa zasebondeni.
Ngingathanda ukubona i-Smart Power Report* Iphaneli ye-GFCI ama-circuit breaker amanani aphusile.Ngingathenga isokhethi engu-20A 120V GFCI cishe ngama-US$15, kuyilapho i-20A 120V GFCI iphaneli yebreaker ibiza US$40.Inguqulo ye-bipolar 240V cishe iphindwe kabili yakamuva.Iphaneli ye-50A 240V ye-GFCI iphusha inani lamadola ayi-100.Ezokuphepha kufanele zithengeke.Ngifuna ukubuka isifunda sokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokwesekhethi ukuze ngenze izinqumo zokusebenzisa amandla ngobuhlakani.
Ingabe zikhona izinhlansi e-UK ezizimisele ukufaka isandla ekufakweni kwezintambo ze-aluminium?Ngihambise imishini eminingi epaki yezimboni enezigaba ezi-3 e-UK, futhi angikaze ngithinte izintambo ze-aluminium.Awukaze ubone lutho lapha endaweni yasekhaya?
Umakhi wendlu uphinde wasebenzisa amapayipi epulasitiki ukuxhuma uhlelo lokuphakelwa kwamanzi omphakathi lwangaphandle endlini, eyahluleka ekuqaleni kwawo-1990 (bheka ipulani enkulu), kanye namapayipi e-polybutene ngaphakathi endlini nawo asetshenziselwa ukusabalalisa.Ayikwazanga ukumelana nesando samanzi, lokhu kuphinde kwalimaza udonga lwangaphakathi ngenxa yokuqhuma kwepayipi.
Isifundo: Kufanele ukhokhele konke okuzotholwa yimakethe, hhayi inani elisuselwa kukhwalithi yendlu.Uma umakhi engenza ukukhetha okonga imali, inzuzo yakhe izokhuphuka.Awulondolozi inani.Ngakho-ke, amakhodi wokwakha aqinile kanye nokuhlolwa kuyadingeka.
Emashumini eminyaka kamuva, i-clarinet esuka kumitha ukuya endlini isaqinile.I-PEX yasinda ebusika bakamuva ngokushelela.
Ngiyalithanda ipayipi lami lamanzi abandayo e-copper, lingasetshenziswa njengendawo yokuxhuma phansi.Angikaze ngihluleke ngamapayipi ethusi… namapayipi ashiselwe ngomjuluko…ucezu lwekhekhe!
Ngiyazi ukuthi abanye abantu abalokothi bazame ukudayisa amapayipi ethusi, kodwa ngokwazi kwami, okuwukuphela kwabantu ababhekana nobunzima yilabo abaphikelela ekusikeni amakhona, ukushoda kwe-flux noma ukususa i-oxidation.
Inhlanganisela yocingo lwe-aluminium kanye namaphaneli e-FPE noma eZinsco...lena yimpande yenhlekelele!I-wiring ivutha futhi i-circuit breaker ayikhubeki!
Iqiniso liwukuthi bonke bangase bahluleke.Muva nje ngibe nebhawodi engu-277/480 20A Square D QO ku-breaker yesifunda ehlulekile ukuhamba.Ngesikhathi sombukiso wezentengiso, nginqume ngephutha ikhebula elibukhoma elingu-12/2 AC kusekethe yokukhanyisa engu-277V (yebo, lokhu kungcono kakhulu kithi).Ngaphandle kokuqhumisa udlawu, ngamangala lapho ngibuka i-arc iqala ukuncibilikisa ikhebula.Kufana nohlobo oluthile lwefuse yeziqhumane ezingasheshi.Gijimela ekhabetheni likagesi eliqhele ngamamitha angu-200 ukusuka ekhabetheni, ngokuyisisekelo ngokulalela “i-buzz” ukuze uthole iphaneli elungile, bese ngokugijima emuva ukuze ngihlukanise isinqamuli sesekethe ukuze ngithole i-hot/hot circuit breaker .Okungimangazayo ukuthi i-Square D ithembekile embonini kagesi futhi inconywa kakhulu.Iphaneli yafakwa maphakathi nawo-1980 futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ayikaze ilungiswe ngokuvikela kusukela yavulwa.
Kwesinye isikhathi ukuvikeleka kwe-overcurrent kubucayi kakhulu.Eminyakeni edlule, ngokuyisisekelo ngenza iphutha elifanayo nangenhla (ngingasho ukuthi umbhedo uzokwenzeka lapho osebenza ngogesi eseneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-25 ubudala).Lona futhi isekethe yokukhanyisa engu-20A 277V.Ayizange yenze umkhondo wepliers yami, futhi ayizange ikhubekise i-20A circuit breaker.Kunalokho, kwathatha zonke izitezi ezingu-26 zesakhiwo samahhovisi!Isethingi yephutha eliphansi le-switchgear eyinhloko ayilungile.Angikholwa ukuthi abakaze bahlangabezane nale nkinga ngaphambilini.
Indlu yabazali bami inocingo lwe-aluminium.Ngathuka!Ukuze uthole izintambo eziqinile, kufanele ubeke i-adhesive eyakhiwe lapho.yona.Kuyangincela lapho ngishintsha umshini wokungenisa umoya futhi ngishintsha endlini yabo, njalo ngisonga ingaphandle ngeteyipu kagesi (empeleni ngisebenzisa itheyiphu endlini yami), futhi ngiqinisa ngokucophelela izikulufu zetheminali .Azikho izinguquko ezizokwenziwa lapho.Kodwa le ndlu isineminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amane.
Zonke izifunda zamagatsha zinhle.Noma nini lapho ngithola ucingo lwesevisi ukuze ngibuyisele isokhethi futhi ngikhiphe isokhethi endala futhi ngithole zonke izinkinga, ngiyadikibala.I-backstab yinhle.Abangane abalungile abavumeli abangani ukuthi baphinde bagwaze-kodwa kugcina ucingo lwesevisi luvuliwe.Kwalungiswa okuningana kuyo yonke indlu.Uma indlu isebenzisa umsele oguquguqukayo wokufaka izintambo, kuzothatha izinsuku ezimbalwa zomsebenzi.Ayiqedi ngokuguquguqukayo imisebenzi emine yesokunxele ekufinyeleleni phezulu, phansi, kwesokunxele, nakwesokudla.Ukungena akuyona inkinga-abasebenza kahle bakagesi abaphatha ama-saw blades ngawo
Isikulufu asijiki.Okwenzekayo ukuthi i-aluminium iyashisa, inwebeke futhi icindezele isikulufu, ishiye ukubola.Lapho ucingo luphola, luyashwabana futhi lushiye isikhala.Igebe livumela i-oksijini ukuthi idle i-aluminium, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukumelana nogesi, okubangela ukuthi ucingo lushise ngokuzayo lapho kufakwa umthwalo ofanayo.Phinda le nqubo kuze kube yilapho ivutha umlilo noma ucingo luncibilika noma okuthintwayo kunganele ukuqhuba ugesi.Ukuqaphela okuvamile ukuthi ucingo lukhululekile futhi ukuguqula isikulufu kuzomisa ukunyakaza, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi isikulufu sizophenduka senze isixhumi sikhululeke.
Okuhlangenwe nakho kwami ​​siqu - nginomphakeli osebenzisa i-aluminium ohlelweni olufanayo futhi wangitshela ukuthi i-Locktite ayisebenzi kahle futhi ivumela isibophelelo ukuthi singakulungi, kodwa isibambiso asijiki kalula.Ukuguquguquka kwezingxenye ze-aluminium kukhulu kuphela kunamandla okuqinisa ngaphambili wezikulufu.
Inani lokuguqulwa elidingekayo ukuze uziphumulele licishe libe ngamayintshi angu-0.005.Kungase kube nabatshalizimali abengeziwe abaphakamisa ukulayisha kuqala okunwebekayo okulindelekile, kodwa ngicabanga ukuthi isikulufu siwuchungechunge oluhle, ngakho-ke inguquko ngayinye ingamayintshi angu-0.030.Angikhumbuli ukuthi isikhathi phakathi kokuxhumana okugcwele kanye ne-austerity egcwele ingaphansi kwekota.
Unqume isizathu esiqondile sokwehluleka.Ngenxa yokwanda nokuncipha kwezinga lokushisa, intambo ye-aluminium izoxega ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.I-Copper izophinda inwebe futhi inciphe, kodwa hhayi ngokufika ku-aluminium, izikulufu zethusi zizonwetshwa futhi zinciphe ngezintambo.
Isixazululo sale nkinga singase sibe ukwengeza i-washer elula ngaphansi kwesikulufu ukuze kwandiswe ubude obuthile, ngoba isikulufu eside sizokwandisa amandla entwasahlobo.
Inkinga efanayo iyasebenza lapho insimbi yeshidi ixhunywe ngezikulufo.Amawasha ngokuvamile ayagwenywa ngoba engeza izindawo zokusebenzelana ezengeziwe futhi lezi zindawo zokusebenzelana zizoshelela, kodwa ngezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezizacile, njengoba amandla anwebekayo esikulufu eduze kwe-eksisi yaso elingana nobude bamahhala besikulufu, ukunwetshwa okushisayo kuvame ukuxegisa ilunga.
Ngine-Oldmobile Cutlass Supreme yango-1979, futhi ibhethri layo lebiwe abantu abadelelekile.Basebenzisa izinto zokusika izintambo ukusika izintambo zebhethri esikhundleni sokuqaqa amatheminali.Lapho ngingena emotweni ekuseni, ngathola lokhu futhi ngabona ukuthi ingidi yesicabha yayilengiswe ngaphandle komnyango ngokusebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lokuxhuma, futhi i-hood yavuleka kancane.Ukusho lokho ngashaqeka ngokomzwelo.
Okwangimangazayo, uma ngibheka ingxenye yentambo yebhethri eveziwe, intambo yokubopha inethusi ngaphandle, kodwa isikhungo socingo ngalunye siyi-aluminium eyisiliva.Ngayibona okokuqala.Ngithemba konke kukhopha.
Ngazama ukudambisa umgogodla we-asidi wekhebula elisha ekhebulani elidala ngethoshi le-propane, kodwa i-solder yavele yancibilika futhi yawela phansi.Ngigcine nginesiqeshana esabophela ucingo oludala ocingweni olusha salugoqa ngetheyiphu.Kwasebenza iminyaka eminingana, ngaze ngadayisa imoto.
Igeje amaphuzu amabili (ngemuva kokuphawula okuningi!)-I-Aluminium ijwayele ukukhathala lapho yeluliwe futhi igotshwa endaweni, okuholela emaphuzwini aphakeme okumelana futhi ngenxa yalokho iba indawo eshisayo-Ngenxa yezizathu ezifanayo, i-Telecom (inkampani yezokuxhumana ekhona yase-Australia Manje ebizwa ngokuthi i-Telstra) i-aluminium isetshenziselwa izintambo zocingo kwezinye izindawo.Akunandaba, kuze kube yilapho i-ADSL iphazanyiswa ngokuphelele ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-Al ne-Cu.Kwezinye izingxenye zamadolobhana, njenge-Dubbo, abantu abakwazi ukuthola i-DSL ngaphandle kokufakwa kabusha kwezintambo okubanzi, futhi lokhu kushintsha ngokushesha esikhundleni se-NBN fiber.
Ngisho nezinkampani ezisetshenziswayo zingakwazi futhi zenze okuningi ngokufakwa okufanele kwezintambo ze-aluminium.Ngemva kwemvula enkulu (ukuduma nombani, imvula enkulu), indlu yethu yaqala ukuba nezinkinga zikagesi eziyinqaba, njengezibani zophahleni ze-LED ezithosiwe kanye nokufa kukagesi lapho “kuvuliwe”.Ngacisha inkinobho enkulu yokunqamula amandla kanye nawo wonke ama-circuit breaker esikhungweni somthwalo wendlu yami, ngavula amandla amakhulu, futhi ngahlola i-voltage emlenzeni owodwa ongu-120V, lapho ngiphenduka, i-voltage kuyo yomibili imilenze yenyuka isuka ku- ~ 121V yaya ku- enye i-78V ngakolunye, i-158V kuma-breaker circuit.I-Florida Power and Light ifake izintambo ezingaphansi komhlaba ukusuka esigxotsheni kuya kumitha, futhi yadebeselela ukubeka noma yimaphi amagrisi avikelayo ekuxhumekeni okungaphansi komhlaba ngaphansi kwesigxobo sokusetshenziswa.Cishe eminyakeni engama-40 kamuva, ukuxhumana okungathathi hlangothi kwakucishe kube yi-aluminium oxide powder ezungezwe i-aluminium powder.Amakhebuli e-AL asele afakwe i-oxidized kancane.Okungenani sisindise oyedwa womakhelwane ababili abaxhunywe esigxotsheni esifanayo-bahlale benenkinga yokucwayiza kwezibani, futhi amabhulokhi okuxhumana abiwe azo zonke izindlu ezintathu ashisa kakhulu ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokukhanda bungakwazi ukusibamba (ngenxa yokugqwala -> Ukushisa. !!!)
I-Aluminium idonsa kakhulu kune-copper, ngakho-ke ithuba lokudonsa noma ukuchotshozwa kwentambo yegeji elicolekileyo lincane noma kulula ukulihlanganisa kunethusi.Noma iyiphi intambo okujiya kwayo kushintshwe ngaphezu kwenhloso yokuklama izohluleka ngenxa yokumelana okushintshile.Izintambo ezincane zizonciphisa ukumelana nokushisa ngokweqile;izintambo eziwugqinsi zizokwandisa ukumelana neziyingi ezimfushane.
Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu namasevisi, uvumelana ngokucacile nokubekwa kwethu kokusebenza, ukusebenza namakhukhi okukhangisa.Funda kabanzi