A cikin masana'antun sarrafa sinadarai (CPI), yawancin rabuwa ana yin su ta ginshiƙan distillation.Kuma, lokacin da sauran tsarin ya dogara da waɗannan ginshiƙan, rashin aiki, ƙugiya da rufewa suna da matsala.A cikin ƙoƙari na ci gaba da tafiyar matakai na distillation - da sauran tsire-tsire - chugging tare, ginshiƙan ciki ana tweaked da sake yin aiki don taimakawa wajen inganta inganci da amincin ginshiƙan.

“Ko a wajen tacewa, sarrafa sinadarai ko kuma samar da robobi, galibin rabuwa tsakanin sinadarai ne ake yin su ta hanyar distillation.A lokaci guda kuma, ana samun matsin lamba ga masu sarrafa sinadarai don yin ayyukansu mafi inganci,” in ji Izak Nieuwoudt, babban jami’in fasaha na Koch-Glitsch (Wichita, Kan.; www.koch-glitsch.com)."Saboda ginshiƙan distillation babban mabukaci ne na makamashi kuma saboda mutane ba sa son kashe lokaci mai yawa don gyara kayan aiki, haɓaka inganci da amincin ginshiƙan yana kan gaba a yanzu."

Sau da yawa bayan tsari ya tashi kuma yana gudana, masu sarrafawa suna gano cewa amfani da makamashi ya fi yadda suke tsammani, in ji Antonio Garcia, manajan ci gaban kasuwanci na jama'a tare da AMACS Process Tower Internals (Arlington, Tex.; www.amacs.com)."Don samun ingantacciyar ingantaccen makamashi, dole ne su bincika zaɓuɓɓukan su don haɓaka aikin jigilar jama'a," in ji shi."Bugu da ƙari, na'urori masu sarrafawa galibi suna neman hanyoyin da za su kawar da tsarin don samun ingantacciyar rarrabuwar kawuna da buƙatun iya aiki kuma yin lalata shine babban abin da ke haifar da cikas, don haka nemo fasahohin da ke taimaka wa waɗannan batutuwan yana da mahimmanci."

Ƙaƙƙarfan kwalabe da raguwar lokacin lalacewa ta hanyar ɓarna ko al'amuran inji, kamar girgizawa ko hanyoyin da ke cikin ginshiƙan da ke rabuwa, na iya zama mai tsada sosai.Nieuwoudt ya ce "Yana da tsada sosai a duk lokacin da za ku rufe ginshiƙi na distillation, saboda sau da yawa yana haifar da rufe sassan sama da na ƙasa, haka nan," in ji Nieuwoudt."Kuma, waɗannan rufewar da ba a shirya ba suna haifar da asara mai yawa kowace rana."

A saboda wannan dalili, masana'antun na ginshiƙai na ciki suna haɓaka samfuran da aka tsara don taimakawa masu sarrafawa don haɓaka ƙarfin kuzari da aminci.

Maye gurbin trays na al'ada da fakiti tare da sababbi, ci-gaba mafita sau da yawa ya zama dole ga na'ura mai sarrafawa wanda ke neman mafi girman inganci, iya aiki da aminci, don haka masana'antun koyaushe suna neman haɓakawa akan abubuwan da suke bayarwa.

Misali, Raschig GmbH (Ludwigshafen, Jamus; www.raschig.com) kwanan nan ya fito da Raschig Super-Ring Plus, sabon, babban aiki bazuwar shiryawa wanda ya zarce aikin na Raschig Ring na baya."Ingantaccen tsarin Raschig Super-Ring Plus yana ba da damar haɓaka ƙarfin aiki a koyaushe," in ji Micheal Schultes, darektan fasaha a Raschig."Sakamakon shine sakamakon haɓakar ƙira bisa shekaru da yawa na bincike.Manufar ita ce ta kasance tare da duk fa'idodin Super-Ring, amma haɓaka iya aiki da rage raguwar matsin lamba. "

Samfurin da ya haifar yana rage girman faɗuwar matsa lamba ta hanyar shirya filayen sinusoidal lebur a cikin matsanancin buɗewar tsari, yana haɓaka iya aiki ta fifikon kwararar fim akan ci gaba da shirye-shiryen sinusoidal-strip, yana ƙaruwa da inganci ta hanyar rage ɗigon digo a cikin marufi kuma yana rage ƙazantawa ta hanyar rage haɓakar ɗigon ruwa da bayar da ƙasa kaɗan. matsa lamba.Hakanan ana raguwar rashin hankali ta hanyar samar da fina-finai mai ci gaba da ruwa, jika dukkan abubuwan tattarawa.

Hakazalika, AMACS ta kasance tana yin bincike don inganta samfuranta na SuperBlend."Bincike ya nuna cewa ta hanyar maye gurbin hada-hadar bazuwar da muke da ita tare da SuperBlend 2-PAC, aikin hasumiya na iya karuwa da kashi 20% ko kuma iya aiki da kashi 15%," in ji Moize Turkey, manaja, injiniyan aikace-aikace, tare da AMACS.Fasahar SuperBlend 2-PAC gauraya ce ta manyan ayyuka masu girma dabam waɗanda aka sanya a cikin gado ɗaya."Muna haɗu da sizts biyu na mafi kyawun ƙarfe bazuwar ƙarfe kuma, lokacin da aka haɗa, Haɗinsa ya dace da ƙarfin ƙimar fakitin, yayin da yake riƙe da matsi da matsi da matsi da matsi mai girma," in ji shi.Ana ba da shawarar gado mai haɗe-haɗe don ɗaukarwa da tsigewa, ƙwanƙwasa sinadarai mai kyau, ɓangarorin matatun mai da damar sake fasalin kowace hasumiya mai jujjuyawar zafi da aka iyakance ta hanyar shiryawa na yau da kullun ko na ƙarni na uku.

Ana kuma haɓaka haɓakawa ga masu shiga ciki don taimakawa tare da batutuwa kamar su lalata da yanayi masu wahala.

"Amintacce yana da mahimmanci ga abubuwan yau da kullun.Duk yadda na'urar ke aiki da kyau, idan ba za ta iya jure yanayin ƙazanta ba a cikin tsari, ba za ta yi nasara ba," in ji Mark Pilling, manajan fasaha na Amurka tare da Sulzer (Winterthur, Switzerland; www.sulzer. com)."Sulzer ya kashe lokaci mai yawa a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata yana haɓaka cikakken layin kayan aikin da ba zai iya jurewa ba."A cikin tire, kamfanin yana ba da VG AF da trays na hana lalata, kuma kwanan nan ya ƙaddamar da bawuloli na UFM AF, waɗanda duka biyun suna da babban aiki don iya aiki da inganci, gami da juriya na musamman.A cikin fakitin, kamfanin ya ƙaddamar da fakitin grid na Mellagrid AF, waɗanda suka dace da aikace-aikacen tattara abubuwa masu ɓarna, kamar sassan wankin hasumiya.

Pilling ya kara da cewa, game da batutuwan kumfa, Sulzer yana aiki a kan hanya biyu."Yayin da muke haɓaka kayan aiki da ƙira don ɗaukar aikace-aikacen kumfa, muna kuma aiki tare da abokan cinikinmu don tantance yiwuwar yin kumfa," in ji shi.“Da zarar kun san akwai kumfa, za ku iya tsara shi.Lamarin ne inda abokin ciniki zai sami yanayin kumfa kuma bai san game da shi ba wanda ke haifar da matsala.Muna ganin duk nau'ikan kumfa, irin su Marangoni, Ross kumfa da kumfa da kuma yin aiki tare da abokan ciniki don gano irin wannan yanayi. "

Kuma, don aikace-aikacen da zazzaɓi da coking na iya zama mai tsanani sosai, Koch-Glitsch ya ƙirƙira Proflux mai tsananin sabis na grid, in ji Nieuwoudt (Hoto na 1).Sabon babban aiki mai ƙarfi-sabis ɗin tattara kayan aiki ya haɗu da ingancin shiryarrun shiryawa tare da ƙarfi da juriya mai ƙazanta na tattarawar grid.Taro ne na tarkace masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka yi wa sandunan ma'auni mai nauyi.Haɗin haɗaɗɗun sandar welded da zanen gado na ƙãra kauri na kayan yana ba da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira wanda ke tsayayya da lalacewa daga tashin hasumiya ko yashwa.Rata tsakanin zanen gadon yana samar da ingantaccen juriya.“An shigar da kunshin kusan sau 100 a yanzu a cikin ayyukan lalata da gaske kuma yana yin kyau sosai idan aka kwatanta da samfuran da yake maye gurbinsu.Tsawon rayuwa mai tsayi da raguwar matsin lamba yana ba da sakamako a rage farashin aiki ga abokin ciniki, ”in ji Nieuwoudt.

Hoto 1. Proflux matsananciyar sabis ɗin grid shiryawa babban aiki ne mai tsananin aiki mai ɗaukar nauyi wanda ya haɗu da ingantacciyar shiryar kayan aiki tare da ƙarfi da juriya na grid packing Koch-Glitsch

Idan ana maganar distillation, akwai kuma sau da yawa ƙalubale musamman ga tsarin da ya kamata a magance ta hanyar matakai na musamman.

"Akwai kasuwa don gyare-gyaren gyare-gyaren da aka saba da su ga takamaiman tsari da bukatun abokin ciniki," in ji Christian Geipel, darektan gudanarwa, tare da RVT Process Equipment (Steinwiesen, Jamus; www.rvtpe.com).“Wannan yana da inganci musamman don gyare-gyaren shuke-shuke da ake da su waɗanda aka gyara don cika sabbin buƙatu.Kalubalen daban-daban kuma sun haɗa da manufofi kamar tsayin tsayi da tsayin daka iya tsinkaya don aikace-aikacen ɓarna, mafi girman ƙarfi da raguwar matsa lamba ko faɗin kewayon aiki don ƙarin sassauci."

Don magance takamaiman buƙatu, RVT ya haɓaka babban madaidaicin tsari mai ƙarfi, SP-Line (Hoto 2)."Saboda gyare-gyaren geometry na tashar, ana samun raguwar matsa lamba da mafi girma."Bugu da ari, don ƙananan lodin ruwa, wani ƙalubale na ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikace, ana iya haɗa waɗannan fakitin tare da sabbin nau'ikan masu rarraba ruwa."An samar da ingantacciyar mai rarraba bututun bututun feshi wanda ke hada nozzles na feshi tare da faranti kuma an yi nasarar amfani da shi a aikace-aikace kamar ginshiƙan matatun mai," in ji Geipel."Yana rage entrainment don haka lalata a cikin sassan tattarawa sama da mai rarrabawa ba tare da sadaukar da ingancin rarraba ruwa zuwa sashin tattarawa da ke ƙasa ba."

Hoto 2. Wani sabon, babban ƙarfin da aka tsara marufi, SP-Line daga RVT, yana ba da gyare-gyaren tashoshi na tashar, ƙananan matsa lamba da mafi girman ƙarfin RVT Tsarin Kayan aiki.

Wani sabon mai rarraba ruwa daga RVT (Hoto na 3) mai rarraba nau'in trough ne tare da faranti na fantsama waɗanda ke haɗa ƙananan ƙimar ruwa tare da mafi girman kewayon aiki da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira mai jurewa.

Hoto 3. Don ƙananan nauyin ruwa mai ƙananan, wani ƙalubale na ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikacen, ana iya haɗuwa da fakiti tare da sababbin nau'ikan masu rarraba ruwa na RVT Process Equipment.

Hakazalika, GTC Technology US, LLC (Houston; www.gtctech.com) yana haɓaka sabbin samfura don taimakawa masu sarrafawa tare da haɓaka aikin ginshiƙan distillation dangane da takamaiman bukatunsu.Daya daga cikin sabbin abubuwan da suka faru sun hada da manyan tire na GT-OPTIM, in ji Brad Fleming, babban manajan sashin Fasahar Kayan Aiki na GTC.Daruruwan shigarwar masana'antu tare da gwaji a Fractionation Research Inc. (FRI; Stillwater, Okla.; www.fri.org) sun nuna cewa babban tire ɗin yana samun ingantacciyar inganci da haɓaka iya aiki akan tire na al'ada.An keɓance tiren giciye don buƙatun mai amfani na ƙarshe don cimma babban aiki ta hanyar haɗin haɗe-haɗe da na'urori masu mallaka waɗanda ke haɗa kowane ƙirar tire."Za mu iya samar da tarin fasahohi da fasalolin da za a iya amfani da su don magance takamaiman manufofi," in ji Fleming."Manufar na'ura guda ɗaya na iya zama haɓaka aiki, yayin da wani yana son haɓaka ƙarfin aiki kuma wani yana son rage raguwar matsin lamba, rage ɓarna ko tsawaita lokacin aiki.Muna da makamai daban-daban a cikin arsenal ɗin ƙirar kayan aikin mu, don haka za mu iya mai da hankali kan manufar abokin ciniki don ingantaccen tsarin su. ”

A halin da ake ciki, AMACS ta magance wani ƙalubalen na yau da kullun da matatun mai, masana'antar mai, gas da makamantansu ke fuskanta.Sau da yawa, ganga mai ƙwanƙwasa a tsaye ko mai raba kayan aikin kawar da hazo ya kasa cire ruwa kyauta daga rafin iskar gas."Maimakon ƙoƙarin magance ko gyara alamun cutar, muna neman tushen dalilin, wanda yawanci ya haɗa da kayan aikin kawar da hazo a cikin ganga," in ji AMACS's Garcia.Don magance matsalar, kamfanin ya haɓaka Maxswirl Cyclone, na'ura mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ingantaccen na'urar kawar da hazo wanda ke amfani da sojojin centrifugal don samar da aikin rabuwa na zamani.

Bututun Maxswirl Cyclone sun ƙunshi ƙayyadaddun nau'in juyawa, wanda ke aiki da ƙarfin centrifugal akan tururin da ke ɗauke da hazo don raba ruwa mai shiga da kwararar iskar gas.A cikin wannan guguwar axial-flow cyclone, sakamakon centrifugal ƙarfi yana tura ɗigon ruwa zuwa waje, inda suke ƙirƙirar fim ɗin ruwa akan bangon ciki na guguwar.Ruwan ya ratsa ta cikin bangon bututu kuma ana tattara shi a kasan akwatin guguwar kuma ya zubar da nauyi.Busasshen iskar gas ya tattara a tsakiyar bututun guguwar kuma yana fita ta cikin guguwar.

A halin yanzu, DeDietrich (Mainz, Jamus; www.dedietrich.com) yana mai da hankali kan ƙoƙarin samar da ginshiƙai da na ciki don matakai masu lalacewa sosai a yanayin zafi har zuwa 390 ° F, in ji Edgar Steffin, shugaban tallace-tallace tare da DeDietrich.“Tsarin har zuwa DN1000 an yi su ne da gilashin borosilicate na QVF 3.3 ko DeDietrich gilashin karfe.Manyan ginshiƙai har zuwa DN2400 an yi su ne da ƙarfe na gilashin DeDietrich kawai.Abubuwan da ba su da lalata suna yin su da gilashin borosilicate 3.3, SiC, PTFE ko Tantalum” (Hoto 4).

Hoto 4. DeDietrich yana mai da hankali kan ginshiƙai da na ciki don matakai masu lalata sosai a yanayin zafi har zuwa 390 ° F.ginshiƙai har zuwa DN1000 an yi su da gilashin borosilicate na QVF 3.3 ko DeDietrich gilashin da aka liyi karfe.Manyan ginshiƙai har zuwa DN2400 an yi su ne da ƙarfe na gilashin DeDietrich kawai.Abubuwan da ke jurewa lalata ana yin su da gilashin borosilicate 3.3, SiC, PTFE ko tantalum DeDietrich

Ya kara da cewa yawancin matakai a yanayin zafi sama da 300F suna buƙatar guje wa PTFE.SiC yana da mafi girman juriya na zafin jiki kuma yana ba da izinin ƙirar manyan masu rarrabawa da masu tarawa waɗanda ba su da hankali ga ciyarwar da ke ɗauke da daskararru ko waɗanda ke kula da kumfa, degas ko walƙiya.

Durapack da aka tsara na kamfani a cikin gilashin borosilicate 3.3 ya dace da gilashin 3.3 mai jure lalata ko ginshiƙan ƙarfe na gilashi, saboda yana da juriya iri ɗaya kamar ginshiƙin gilashin kuma yana kiyaye kwanciyar hankali ta thermal a yanayin zafi mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da polymers.Gilashin Borosilicate 3.3 ba mai porous ba ne, wanda ke yanke zaizayar ƙasa da lalata idan aka kwatanta da kwatankwacin yumbu.

Kuma, hasumiyai waɗanda ke da yanke gefe, amma ba su da ƙarfin zafi, in ji GTC's Fleming, na iya zama ƙwararrun 'yan takara don fasahar ginshiƙan rarraba bango.“Yawancin ginshiƙan distillation suna da samfur na sama da ƙasa, da kuma samfurin zana gefe, amma tare da wannan yana zuwa da ƙarancin ƙarancin zafi.Rarraba-bangon fasahar ginshiƙi - inda kuka sabunta ginshiƙi na al'ada - hanya ɗaya ce don haɓaka iya aiki yayin rage yawan amfani da makamashi ko rage yawan ƙazanta samfuran, "in ji shi (Hoto 5).

Hoto 5. Hasumiyar da ke da yanke gefe, amma ba su da ƙarfi, na iya zama ƙwararrun ƴan takara don fasahar rarrabuwar bangon GTC Technologies

Rukunin bangon bango yana raba abinci mai nau'i-nau'i da yawa zuwa koguna masu tsafta guda uku ko fiye a cikin hasumiya guda, yana kawar da buƙatar shafi na biyu.Zane yana amfani da bangon tsaye don raba tsakiyar ginshiƙi zuwa sassa biyu.Ana aika ciyarwar zuwa gefe ɗaya na ginshiƙi, wanda ake kira sashin pre-fractionation.A can, sassan haske suna tafiya sama da ginshiƙi, inda aka tsarkake su, yayin da abubuwa masu nauyi ke tafiya ƙasa da ginshiƙi.Ruwan da ke gudana daga saman ginshiƙi da tururin da ke gudana daga ƙasa ana tura su zuwa ɓangarorinsu na bangon raba.

Daga gefen bangon bangon, an cire samfurin gefen daga yankin da aka fi mayar da hankali ga abubuwan da ke tafasa na tsakiya.Wannan tsari yana da ikon samar da samfurin tsakiya mafi tsafta fiye da ginshiƙin zane-zane na al'ada na aiki iri ɗaya, kuma a mafi girma.

"Ana bincika jujjuyawar zuwa ginshiƙin bangon bango lokacin da kake duban yin gyare-gyare masu mahimmanci ba za ka iya yin in ba haka ba a cikin iyakokin hasumiya na gargajiya, amma idan za ka iya jujjuya fasahar rarraba bango, za ka ga raguwa mai yawa. a cikin amfani da makamashi,” in ji shi."Gaba ɗaya, ana samun raguwar kashi 25 zuwa 30 cikin ɗari a cikin yawan amfani da makamashi don abin da aka bayar, ingantacciyar yawan amfanin ƙasa da tsabtar kayayyaki kuma galibi ana samun karuwar kayan aiki, haka nan."

Ya kara da cewa akwai kuma damar yin amfani da ginshiƙin bangon bango don maye gurbin jerin hasumiya biyu na gargajiya."Za ku iya amfani da ginshiƙan bango don yin aiki iri ɗaya da samar da kayayyaki iri ɗaya, amma kuna yin shi a hasumiya ɗaya ta zahiri idan aka kwatanta da tsarin hasumiya biyu.A cikin daular ƙasa, za a iya samun raguwa mai yawa a cikin abubuwan kashe kuɗi ta hanyar fasahar ginshiƙan rabe-raben bango."

Wannan ɗaba'ar ta ƙunshi rubutu, zane-zane, hotuna, da sauran abun ciki (gami da "abun ciki"), waɗanda suke don dalilai na bayanai kawai.Wasu labarai sun ƙunshi shawarwarin sirri na marubuci kawai.DOGARA GA DUK BAYANIN DA AKA SAMU A CIKIN WANNAN BUGA GAME DA ILLAR KA.© 2019 Samun Hankali, LLC - Duk haƙƙin mallaka.