Hauv cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam (CPI), feem ntau ntawm kev sib cais yog ua los ntawm cov kab distillation.Thiab, thaum lwm tus txheej txheem tso siab rau cov kab ke, kev ua tsis tau zoo, kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab kev kaw yog teeb meem.Nyob rau hauv kev sib zog ua kom cov txheej txheem distillation - thiab lwm yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag - chugging nrog, kem internals raug tweaked thiab rov ua hauj lwm los pab optimize efficiency thiab kev cia siab ntawm cov kab.

"Txawm hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv refining, tshuaj ua los yog tsim cov yas, feem ntau ntawm kev sib cais ntawm cov organic tshuaj yog ua nrog distillation.Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, muaj lub siab tsis tu ncua rau cov txheej txheem tshuaj ua kom lawv cov txheej txheem siv nyiaj ntau dua, "hais tias Izak Nieuwoudt, tus thawj coj ua haujlwm nrog Koch-Glitsch (Wichita, Kan.; www.koch-glitsch.com)."Vim tias cov kab distillation yog cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob loj thiab vim tias tib neeg tsis xav siv sijhawm ntau los kho cov cuab yeej, nce kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm txhua kab yog qhov tseem ceeb tam sim no."

Feem ntau tom qab cov txheej txheem tau nce thiab ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem pom tias kev siv hluav taws xob ntau dua li qhov lawv xav tau, hais tias Antonio Garcia, tus thawj coj hloov pauv kev lag luam loj nrog AMACS Process Tower Internals (Arlington, Tex.; www.amacs.com)."Yuav kom tau txais kev siv hluav taws xob zoo dua, lawv yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav lawv cov kev xaiv los txhim kho kev hloov pauv loj," nws hais."Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem feem ntau tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev los de-bottleneck txheej txheem txhawm rau kom tau txais kev sib cais zoo dua thiab muaj peev xwm xav tau thiab fouling yog ib qho ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb, yog li nrhiav cov thev naus laus zis uas pab daws cov teeb meem no kuj tseem ceeb."

Bottlenecks thiab downtime tshwm sim los ntawm fouling los yog mechanical teeb meem, xws li kev co los yog mechanisms nyob rau hauv txhua kab sib nrug, yuav ua tau kim heev.Nieuwoudt hais tias "Nws kim heev txhua zaus koj yuav tsum tau kaw ib kab distillation, vim nws feem ntau ua rau kev kaw ntawm cov dej ntws thiab cov dej ntws qis, ib yam nkaus," Nieuwoudt hais."Thiab, cov kev kaw tsis tau npaj tseg no ua rau poob loj hauv ib hnub."

Vim li no, cov tuam ntxhab ntawm sab hauv yog tsim cov khoom tsim los pab cov txheej txheem hauv kev ua kom muaj zog thiab kev ntseeg tau.

Hloov cov tais thiab ntim khoom nrog cov tshiab, cov kev daws teeb meem siab heev feem ntau tsim nyog rau cov txheej txheem uas tab tom nrhiav kev ua haujlwm siab dua, muaj peev xwm thiab kev ntseeg siab, yog li cov tuam txhab muag tas li los txhim kho lawv cov khoom.

Piv txwv li, Raschig GmbH (Ludwigshafen, Lub teb chaws Yelemees; www.raschig.com) tsis ntev los no tau tso tawm Raschig Super-Ring Plus, qhov tshiab, kev ua tau zoo random packing uas tshaj qhov ua tau zoo ntawm Raschig Ring yav dhau los.Micheal Schultes, tus thawj coj ntawm Raschig hais tias "Qhov kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Raschig Super-Ring Plus ua rau muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv ntawm qhov ua tau zoo tas li,""Cov khoom lag luam yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim kho raws li kev tshawb fawb ntau xyoo.Lub hom phiaj yog nyob nrog txhua qhov zoo ntawm Super-Ring, tab sis txhim kho lub peev xwm thiab txo qis kev poob siab. "

Cov khoom uas ua rau txo qis kev poob siab los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub tiaj tus sinusoidal strips rau hauv cov qauv qhib huab, ua kom muaj peev xwm los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab txaus nyiam ntawm kev sib txuas ua ke sinusoidal-strip, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev txo qis hauv kev ntim khoom thiab txo qis fouling nyiam los ntawm kev txo qis kev loj hlob thiab muab qis. siab poob.Fouling rhiab heev kuj raug txo los ntawm kev tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ua kua txuas ntxiv, wetting tag nrho cov khoom ntim.

Ib yam li ntawd, AMACS tau tshawb fawb los txhim kho nws cov khoom SuperBlend."Kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias los ntawm kev hloov cov khoom ntim uas twb muaj lawm nrog peb SuperBlend 2-PAC, kev ua haujlwm ntauwd tuaj yeem nce 20% lossis muaj peev xwm los ntawm 15%, "hais tias Moize Turkey, tus thawj coj, kev siv engineering, nrog AMACS.SuperBlend 2-PAC thev naus laus zis yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom ntim ua tau zoo tso rau hauv ib lub txaj."Peb muab ob qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm cov hlau zoo tshaj plaws random geometry thiab, thaum sib xyaw ua ke, cov khoom siv patented ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntim me me, thaum tuav lub peev xwm thiab siab poob ntawm cov ntim loj dua," nws hais.Lub txaj sib xyaw yog pom zoo rau kev nqus thiab stripping, zoo tshuaj distillation, refinery fractionators thiab retrofit lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv tej huab hwm coj-los yog tshav kub-hloov ntauwd txwv los ntawm cov pa los yog thib peb tiam random packing.

Kev txhim kho rau sab hauv kuj tseem raug tsim los pab rau cov teeb meem xws li fouling thiab nyuaj.

"Kev ntseeg siab yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev txiav txim siab niaj hnub.Txawm hais tias lub cuab yeej ua haujlwm tau zoo npaum li cas, yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem sawv ntawm qhov ua tsis tau zoo hauv cov txheej txheem, nws yuav tsis ua tiav, "said Mark Pilling, tus thawj coj ntawm thev naus laus zis USA nrog Sulzer (Winterthur, Switzerland; www.sulzer. com)."Sulzer tau siv sijhawm ntau heev nyob rau tsib xyoos dhau los tsim cov kab ua tiav ntawm cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv fouling."Nyob rau hauv cov tais, lub tuam txhab muab VG AF thiab anti-fouling trays, thiab tsis ntev los no launched UFM AF li qub, uas yog ob qho tib si kev ua tau zoo rau lub peev xwm thiab efficiency, nrog rau cov fouling resistant heev.Hauv kev ntim khoom, lub tuam txhab tau pib Melagrid AF anti-fouling grid packings, uas yog tsim rau fouling packing daim ntaub ntawv, xws li lub tshuab nqus tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws seem.

Pilling ntxiv tias rau cov teeb meem foaming, Sulzer tau ua haujlwm ntawm ob txoj hauv kev."Thaum peb tsim cov cuab yeej siv thiab tsim los tswj cov ntawv thov foaming, peb kuj ua haujlwm nrog peb cov neeg siv khoom los txiav txim siab cov ntawv thov foaming," nws hais.“Thaum koj paub tias muaj foaming, koj tuaj yeem tsim rau nws.Nws yog qhov xwm txheej uas tus neeg siv khoom yuav muaj qhov mob foaming thiab tsis paub txog nws uas yuav tsim teeb meem.Peb pom txhua hom foaming, xws li Marangoni, Ross foams thiab particulate foams thiab ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg siv khoom los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej zoo li no. "

Thiab, rau cov ntawv thov uas fouling thiab coking tuaj yeem hnyav heev, Koch-Glitsch tsim Proflux hnyav-kev pabcuam daim phiaj ntim khoom, hais tias Nieuwoudt (Daim duab 1).Qhov tshiab-kev ua haujlwm loj-kev pabcuam kab sib txuas ua ke ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem ntim nrog lub zog thiab fouling tsis kam ntawm daim phiaj packing.Nws yog ib qho kev sib dhos ntawm cov ntawv ruaj khov corrugated welded rau hnyav-gauge rods.Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm welded pas nrig sib dhos thiab cov nplooj ntawv corrugated ntawm cov khoom siv ntau ntxiv muab cov qauv tsim muaj zog uas tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj los ntawm ntauwd upsets lossis yaig.Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov nplooj ntawv muab kev txhim kho fouling tsis kam."Cov ntim tau raug teeb tsa yuav luag 100 lub sijhawm tam sim no hauv cov kev pabcuam loj-fouling thiab ua tau zoo heev piv rau cov khoom uas nws hloov.Lub neej ua haujlwm ntev dua thiab qis qis qis nws ua rau txo qis kev ua haujlwm rau cov neeg siv khoom, "hais tias Nieuwoudt.

Daim duab 1. Proflux hnyav-kev pab cuam daim phiaj packing yog ib tug high-kev ua tau zoo-kev pab cuam daim phiaj packing uas combines cov efficiency ntawm cov txheej txheem packing nrog lub robustness thiab fouling tsis kam ntawm daim phiaj packing Koch-Glitsch

Thaum nws los txog rau distillation, kuj muaj feem ntau cov teeb meem tshwj xeeb rau cov txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau hais los ntawm kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb.

Christian Geipel, tus thawj coj ntawm RVT Process Equipment (Steinwiesen, Lub teb chaws Yelemees; www.rvtpe.com) hais tias "Muaj kev ua lag luam rau cov kev daws teeb meem uas tau hloov kho rau cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau,""Qhov no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv tau rau kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas twb muaj lawm uas tau hloov kho kom ua tiav cov kev xav tau tshiab.Cov kev cov nyom muaj ntau yam thiab suav nrog cov hom phiaj xws li kev khiav ntev dua thiab kev kwv yees ntev dua rau cov ntawv thov fouling, muaj peev xwm ntau dua thiab qis qis qis lossis kev ua haujlwm dav dua rau kev hloov pauv ntau dua. "

Txhawm rau hais txog cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb, RVT tau tsim cov txheej txheem ntim khoom muaj peev xwm, SP-Line (Daim duab 2)."Vim qhov hloov pauv channel geometry, qis qis thiab muaj peev xwm ua tiav."Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov kua dej tsawg heev, lwm qhov kev sib tw ntawm daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, cov ntim khoom no tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov khoom lag luam tshiab."Ib qho kev txhim kho tshuaj tsuag nozzle distributor uas sib xyaw cov tshuaj tsuag nrog cov ntawv txaws tau tsim thiab siv tau zoo hauv cov ntawv thov xws li cov tshuab nqus tsev ntxhua khaub ncaws," Geipel hais."Nws txo qis kev nkag mus thiab yog li fouling nyob rau hauv cov khoom ntim saum toj no tus neeg xa khoom yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam cov kua dej zoo rau cov khoom ntim hauv qab no."

Daim duab 2. Ib qho tshiab, muaj peev xwm tsim cov khoom ntim, SP-Line los ntawm RVT, muaj kev hloov pauv channel geometry, qis qis qis thiab muaj peev xwm ntau dua RVT Cov Khoom Siv Txheej Txheem

Lwm tus tshiab kua distributor los ntawm RVT (Daim duab 3) yog ib tug trough-type distributor nrog txaws daim hlau uas sib txuas cov nqi qis nrog ib tug ntau dua kev khiav hauj lwm ntau yam thiab ib tug robust, fouling-resistant tsim.

Daim duab 3. Rau cov kua dej tsawg heev, lwm qhov kev sib tw ntawm daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, cov ntim khoom tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov khoom siv tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv RVT txheej txheem

Ib yam li ntawd, GTC Technology US, LLC (Houston; www.gtctech.com) tab tom tsim cov khoom tshiab los pab cov txheej txheem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kab distillation raws li lawv cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.Ib qho ntawm cov kev tsim kho tshiab kawg suav nrog GT-OPTIM cov tais ua haujlwm siab, hais tias Brad Fleming, tus thawj coj ntawm GTC's Process Equipment Technology division.Pua pua ntawm kev teeb tsa kev lag luam ntxiv rau kev sim ntawm Fractionation Research Inc. (FRI; Stillwater, Okla.; www.fri.org) tau ua pov thawj tias lub tais ua tau zoo tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj peev xwm txhim kho ntau dua li cov tais.Cov tais ntoo khaub lig yog kho raws li tus neeg siv kawg qhov kev xav tau kom ua tiav kev ua haujlwm siab los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv patented thiab cov tswv cuab uas tsim txhua lub tais tsim.Fleming sau hais tias "Peb tuaj yeem muab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov yam ntxwv uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm los daws cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb," Fleming sau tseg."Ib lub hom phiaj ntawm lub processor yuav yog txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, thaum lwm tus xav kom muaj peev xwm thiab tseem xav kom txo qis kev poob siab, txo qis fouling lossis ncua sijhawm ua haujlwm.Peb muaj ntau yam riam phom sib txawv hauv peb cov cuab yeej tsim arsenal, yog li peb tuaj yeem tsom mus rau cov neeg siv khoom lub hom phiaj rau lawv cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb. "

Lub caij no, AMACS tau hais txog lwm qhov kev sib tw distillation uas tau ntsib los ntawm cov roj av refineries, petrochemical cov nroj tsuag, cov nroj tsuag roj thiab cov chaw zoo sib xws.Feem ntau, lub nruas knockout ntsug lossis cais nrog cov cuab yeej tshem tawm tsis pom kev tshem tawm cov kua dej dawb los ntawm cov txheej txheem roj."Tsis txhob sim daws lossis kho cov tsos mob, peb nrhiav qhov laj thawj, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov cuab yeej tshem tawm cov huab cua hauv lub nruas tawm," hais tias AMACS's Garcia.Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem, lub tuam txhab tsim lub Maxswirl Cyclone, lub peev xwm siab, kev ua haujlwm siab tshem tawm cov khoom siv centrifugal los muab kev sib cais ntawm lub xeev.

Lub Maxswirl Cyclone raj muaj ib lub voj voog ruaj khov, uas siv lub zog centrifugal ntawm cov huab cua-laden vapor kom cais cov kua dej los ntawm cov pa roj.Nyob rau hauv no axial-flow cyclone, qhov tshwm sim centrifugal quab yuam thawb cov kua dej tawm sab nraud, qhov chaw uas lawv tsim cov yeeb yaj kiab ua kua ntawm cov cua daj cua dub sab hauv phab ntsa.Cov kua kis tau los ntawm cov slits nyob rau hauv lub raj phab ntsa thiab tau sau rau hauv qab ntawm lub thawv cyclone thiab ntws los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus.Cov roj qhuav concentrates nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cyclone raj thiab tawm los ntawm lub cyclone.

Lub caij no, DeDietrich (Mainz, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees; www.dedietrich.com) tab tom tsom rau kev muab txhua kab thiab sab hauv rau cov txheej txheem corrosive heev ntawm qhov kub txog li 390 ° F, hais tias Edgar Steffin, tus thawj coj ntawm kev lag luam nrog DeDietrich."Kem txog DN1000 yog ua los ntawm QVF borosilicate iav 3.3 los yog DeDietrich iav-lined hlau.Cov kab loj dua mus txog DN2400 yog ua los ntawm DeDietrich iav-lined steel nkaus xwb.Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion yog ua los ntawm borosilicate iav 3.3, SiC, PTFE lossis Tantalum" (Daim duab 4).

Daim duab 4. DeDietrich tsom rau txhua kab thiab sab hauv rau cov txheej txheem corrosive heev ntawm qhov kub txog li 390 ° F.Kem txog DN1000 yog ua los ntawm QVF borosilicate iav 3.3 los yog DeDietrich iav-lined hlau.Cov kab loj dua mus txog DN2400 yog ua los ntawm DeDietrich iav-lined steel nkaus xwb.Cov ntaub ntawv corrosion-resistant yog ua los ntawm borosilicate iav 3.3, SiC, PTFE los yog tantalum DeDietrich

Nws ntxiv tias cov txheej txheem feem ntau ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 300 ° F yuav tsum tau zam ntawm PTFE.SiC muaj qhov kub thiab txias dua thiab tso cai rau kev tsim cov khoom loj dua thiab cov khoom ntim khoom uas tsis tshua muaj siab rau cov khoom noj uas muaj cov khib nyiab lossis cov nyiam ua npuas dej, degas lossis flash.

Lub tuam txhab Durapack cov txheej txheem ntim hauv borosilicate iav 3.3 yog tsim rau corrosion-resistant iav 3.3 los yog iav-lined steel kab, vim nws muaj tib yam corrosion kuj zoo li lub iav kem thiab ua kom nws thermal stability ntawm kub dua piv rau polymers.Borosilicate iav 3.3 yog non-porous, uas cuam tshuam kev yaig thiab corrosion piv rau sib npaug ceramic packing.

Thiab, cov yees uas muaj ib sab txiav, tab sis yog thermally inefficient, hais tias GTC's Fleming, tej zaum yuav yog cov neeg sib tw zoo rau kev faib-phab ntsa tshuab."Muaj ntau cov kab distillation muaj cov khoom lag luam sab saum toj thiab hauv qab, nrog rau cov khoom siv sab nrauv, tab sis nrog qhov no los ntawm thermal inefficiency ntau.Kev faib-phab ntsa tshuab - qhov twg koj hloov kho cov kab ke ib txwm - yog ib txoj hauv kev los ua kom muaj peev xwm thaum txo kev siv hluav taws xob lossis txo cov khoom tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom, "nws hais (Daim duab 5).

Daim duab 5. Ntauwd uas muaj ib sab txiav, tab sis yog thermally inefficient, tej zaum yuav zoo sib tw rau kev faib-phab ntsa kem tshuab GTC Technologies

Cov kab sib faib-phab ntsa cais cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv peb lossis ntau dua cov dej huv huv hauv ib lub pej thuam, tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau kab thib ob.Tus tsim siv lub phab ntsa ntsug los faib nruab nrab ntawm kem ua ob ntu.Cov khoom noj yog xa mus rau ib sab ntawm kem, hu ua ntu ua ntej fractionation.Nyob ntawd, cov khoom siv lub teeb taug kev mus rau hauv kem, qhov chaw uas lawv tau ntxuav, thaum cov khoom hnyav taug kev hauv kem.Cov kua ntws los ntawm sab saum toj thiab cov vapor ntws los ntawm hauv qab yog xa mus rau lawv sab ntawm phab ntsa faib.

Los ntawm sab nraud ntawm phab ntsa, cov khoom sab nraud raug tshem tawm ntawm thaj chaw uas cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov boiling yog feem ntau concentrated.Qhov kev npaj no muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam khoom nruab nrab purer dua li cov kab kos ib sab ntawm tib lub luag haujlwm, thiab nyob rau hauv siab dua flowrate.

"Kev hloov pauv mus rau kab sib faib-phab ntsa yog tshawb xyuas thaum koj tab tom saib kev txhim kho tseem ceeb uas koj tsis tuaj yeem ua lwm yam hauv cov kev txwv ntawm cov pej thuam ib txwm muaj, tab sis yog tias koj tuaj yeem hloov mus rau kev faib-phab ntsa technology, koj yuav pom qhov txo qis. hauv kev siv hluav taws xob, "nws hais."Feem ntau, muaj 25 mus rau 30% txo qis ntawm tag nrho cov kev siv hluav taws xob rau kev muab cov khoom siv, ua kom cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub thiab purity ntawm cov khoom thiab feem ntau nce ntxiv, thiab."

Nws hais ntxiv tias tseem muaj sijhawm los siv cov kab sib faib-phab ntsa los hloov cov qauv ob-ntauwd sib lawv liag."Koj tuaj yeem siv cov kab sib faib-phab ntsa kom ua haujlwm zoo ib yam thiab tsim cov khoom qub, tab sis koj ua nws hauv ib lub tsev ntauwd hauv kev sib piv rau ob lub tswv yim.Hauv cov hauv paus hauv paus, kev txo qis hauv kev siv peev yuav ua tiav nrog kev faib-phab ntsa tshuab. "

Cov ntawv tshaj tawm no muaj cov ntawv sau, duab, duab, thiab lwm yam ntsiab lus (sib sau ua "Cov ntsiab lus"), uas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm nkaus xwb.Qee cov ntawv muaj tus sau cov lus pom zoo ntawm tus kheej nkaus xwb.Kev cia siab rau txhua yam ntaub ntawv uas tau muab rau hauv daim ntawv tshaj tawm no tsuas yog nyob ntawm koj tus kheej txaus ntshai.© 2019 Access Intelligence, LLC - All Rights Reserved.